CLF-C02 Amazon Web Services AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner Free Practice Exam Questions (2025 Updated)

ASecurity Groupacts as a virtual firewall for your Amazon EC2 instances to control inbound and outbound traffic. It provides granular control over network connections to and from a specific EC2 instance or set of instances. Unlike Network ACLs, which operate at the subnet level, Security Groups operate at the instance level, allowing control over network traffic for individual instances.

A. Network ACL: Incorrect, as it controls traffic at the subnet level and not for individual instances.

B. AWS WAF: Incorrect, as AWS WAF is a web application firewall that helps protect web applications from common web exploits but is not designed for controlling instance-level traffic.

C. Route table: Incorrect, as route tables are used for network routing within a VPC and do not act as firewalls.

AWS Cloud References:

AWS Security Groups

AWS Budgets allows organizations to set custom cost and usage budgets and receive notifications when they exceed predefined thresholds. This feature helps the finance department monitor spending and manage budget forecasts effectively. AWS Cost and Usage Reports and Cost Explorer provide detailed billing data but do not include budget notifications. Consolidated billing in AWS Organizations is useful for aggregating billing across accounts but does not provide budget alerts.

Amazon EventBridge Overview:

EventBridge is a serverless event bus that enables applications to react to changes in AWS resources.

It supports routing events such as EC2 state changes to various targets, including AWS Step Functions.

How EventBridge Meets the Requirement:

EventBridge can capture the EC2 instance state change event and trigger the execution of a Step Functions workflow.

The integration is seamless and supports workflows triggered by multiple event sources.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

A. Amazon SageMaker:Used for building, training, and deploying machine learning models; not related to event triggers.

B. Amazon Connect:A cloud-based contact center service; unrelated to event triggers.

D. AWS Fargate:A compute engine for containers; does not manage events or invoke workflows.

AWS Systems Manager offers the capability to automate patching for Amazon EC2 instances, including Windows instances, through Patch Manager. It can automate patching tasks, schedule updates, and apply patches based on specified baselines. AWS Organizations and Control Tower focus on account management and governance, while Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) is unrelated to patch management.

AWS Shared Responsibility Model Overview:

AWS manages securityofthe cloud, including physical infrastructure and foundational services.

Customers are responsible for securityinthe cloud, which includes operating system configuration, data encryption, and application patch management.

Why Patch Management Is Shared:

AWS is responsible for patching the underlying infrastructure.

Customers are responsible for patching the operating system and applications they install on their resources (e.g., EC2 instances).

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

A. Configuration of Amazon EC2 instance operating systems:Fully the customer’s responsibility.

B. Application file system server-side encryption:Customers configure and manage encryption.

D. Security of the physical infrastructure:Fully AWS’s responsibility.

AWS Transit Gateway serves as a central hub that enables connectivity between multiple VPCs and on-premises networks. It simplifies network architecture and management by acting as a centralized gateway for traffic flowing between all connected networks. Other options, such as Gateway VPC Endpoints and AWS PrivateLink, do not provide the centralized, scalable connectivity that Transit Gateway offers across multiple VPCs and on-premises environments.

AWS WAF is a web application firewall that helps protect applications from SQL injection attacks and other common web exploits. By defining rules to block, allow, or monitor specific types of requests, AWS WAF provides an effective defense against SQL injection. Network ACLs and Security Groups provide network-level security but do not inspect web traffic for specific attack patterns like SQL injection.

AWS Snowball Edge offers configurations that are either storage-optimized or compute-optimized, providing flexibility for different data migration and processing needs. It supports local processing and data transfer to AWS, catering to scenarios that require heavy storage or compute resources. AWS Snowcone and DataSync do not offer these optimizations, and Storage Gateway focuses on hybrid cloud storage.

AWS Direct Connect provides a dedicated, low-latency, and consistent network connection between on-premises data centers and AWS. This private connection minimizes latency and improves network stability compared to a public internet connection or VPN. AWS Direct Connect is ideal for applications requiring real-time data transfer with minimal latency.

The AWS Cloud is cost-effective for dynamic workloads because of its elasticity, allowing resources to scale up or down based on demand, and its pay-as-you-go pricing, which enables companies to pay only for what they use. Reliability, security, and high availability are also benefits of AWS, but they do not specifically relate to cost-effectiveness in the context of dynamic workloads.

Network ACLs (NACLs) are subnet-level firewalls in AWS, controlling inbound and outbound traffic for VPC subnets. They provide an additional layer of security by allowing or denying traffic based on IP protocol, source and destination IP, and port. Security groups operate at the instance level, while Traffic Mirroring and Internet Gateways do not function as firewalls at the subnet level.

TheRehostmigration strategy, often referred to as “lift-and-shift,” involves moving applications to the cloud with minimal or no modifications. This approach is suitable when a company wants to migrate legacy workloads to AWS without altering them. Other strategies, such asRepurchase,Replatform, andRefactor, involve making changes to the application or adopting different services, which is not aligned with the requirement to avoid modifications.

Amazon S3 offers virtually unlimited storage, allowing customers to store and retrieve any amount of data. There are no practical limits to the total volume of data that can be stored in S3, making it suitable for applications that require vast amounts of storage. The options of 10 PB, 50 PB, and 100 PB are incorrect as they do not reflect the actual scale of S3.

AWS Organizations enables consolidated billing across multiple AWS accounts and allows for centralized management of security and compliance policies. It provides account grouping and centralized payment management, making it the optimal choice for a company requiring consolidated billing and centralized governance. AWS Cost and Usage Report only provides billing information, and AWS Config and Security Hub offer monitoring and security insights but do not handle billing consolidation.

Savings Plans offer cost savings for predictable, steady workloads over a one or three-year term, with flexibility in instance family and size, making them suitable for critical workloads on EC2 instances that will run for a long term like three years. Spot Instances are more cost-effective but not suitable forcritical, predictable workloads due to potential interruptions. Dedicated Hosts and On-Demand Instances would be more costly.

S3 Intelligent-Tiering is cost-effective for data with unpredictable access patterns. It automatically moves data between two access tiers (frequent and infrequent) based on access patterns, which is suitable for data accessed daily or infrequently. S3 Glacier Deep Archive is for archival data accessed infrequently, and S3 One Zone-IA is for infrequent access data stored in a single availability zone, which may not be ideal for data accessed daily.

Amazon CloudFront is a content delivery network (CDN) that uses edge locations to cache content closer to users, reducing latency and improving performance. It supports the delivery of web content, such as videos and images, by caching copies at edge locations around the world. Amazon Kinesis, SQS, and Route 53 do not utilize edge locations for content caching.