H12-725_V4.0 Huawei HCIP-Security V4.0 Exam Free Practice Exam Questions (2025 Updated)

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

iMaster NCE-Campus functions as multiple authentication servers, including:

Portal Server→ For web-based authentication.

RADIUS Server→ For centralized authentication and policy enforcement.

HWTACACS Server→ For administrative command authorization.

Why is B correct?

iMaster NCE-Campus cannot function as an Active Directory (AD) server.It can integrate with an external AD server but does not replace it.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → iMaster NCE-Campus Authentication

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Deploying multiple egress linksensures:

Redundancy→ If one link fails, another remains active.

Load balancing→ Traffic can be distributed across multiple links.

High availability→ Reduces downtime.

Why is this statement true?

Enterprise networksbenefit from multiple egress links.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Network Redundancy and High Availability

1. Virtual System → Services and routes can be isolated.

A virtual system (VS)in Huawei firewalls is afully isolated security instancewithin a single physical firewall.

Each virtual system hasseparate services, routing tables, policies, and security rules, ensuring full isolation between different users or tenants.

2. VPN Instance → Only route isolation can be implemented.

AVPN instance (VRF - Virtual Routing and Forwarding)providesroute isolationfor different customer networks butdoes not isolate services or security policies.

This is typically used inMPLS VPN deploymentswhere different customers share the same physical device but need isolated routing tables.

3. VPN Instance → VPN instances are automatically generated.

In someMPLS VPNorSDN-managed networks, VPN instances can beautomatically createdwhen customer configurations are pushed via controllers.

Dynamic routing protocols (e.g., BGP/MPLS VPN) can automatically generateVRF instancesbased on network policies.

4. Virtual System → An instance needs to be manually created.

Unlike VPN instances,virtual systems must be manually createdby an administrator on the firewall.

Each virtual system functions as acompletely independent firewall, requiring manual configuration ofinterfaces, policies, and routing settings.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Virtual system resource allocation can bemanual or shared.

Manual allocationrequires configuring aresource class, defining aquota, and binding it to a virtual system.

Why is D false?

Quota-based resources are not automatically allocated.

An administrator must defineresource quotas.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Virtual System Resource Allocation

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Inbound bandwidth= Trafficenteringthe firewall.

Outbound bandwidth= Trafficleavingthe firewall.

Correct answer:

A. Private → Public traffic is controlled by outbound bandwidth.

Why are the other options incorrect?

Bis incorrect because public → private traffic is controlled byinbound bandwidth, not outbound.

Cis incorrect because inbound bandwidth does not apply to private → public traffic.

Dis incorrect because public → private traffic is controlled by inbound bandwidth.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Firewall Virtual System Bandwidth Control

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

RADIUS and HWTACACS are AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) protocols, but they have key differences:

RADIUS→ Encrypts only passwords (not the entire message).

HWTACACS→ Encrypts the entire packet, providing better security.

Command authorization:

RADIUS does not support command-level authorization.

HWTACACS supports per-command authorization(used in network device access control).

Why is C false?

RADIUS does not authorize configuration commands; HWTACACS does.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → RADIUS vs. HWTACACS

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Flood attacks (DoS/DDoS) overwhelm network resources, preventing normal users from accessing services.

Correct answers:

A. Exhaust available bandwidth→ Large amounts of traffic saturate the network.

B. Exhaust server-side resources→ High CPU/memory usage causes server crashes.

D. Exhaust network device resources→ Firewalls, routers, and switches become overloaded.

Why is C incorrect?

Controlling host rights is related to hacking, not flooding attacks.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → DoS/DDoS Attack Prevention

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Firewalls enforce security policies based on rules defined by the administrator.

Data filtering rules must be explicitly referenced in security policies to take effect.

Why is this statement true?

If a filtering rule exists but is not linked to a security policy, it will not apply to network traffic.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Data Filtering Policy Configuration

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

PBR (Policy-Based Routing)allows traffic to be forwarded based on specific policies.

All options are correctsince Huawei PBR can match:

A→ Source IP address

B→ Source security zone

C→ Source MAC address

D→ Application

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Policy-Based Routing Configuration

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

IKEv1 Phase 1 (Main Mode) consists of six messages:

Messages 1 & 2 → Negotiate security proposals(encryption, authentication, and DH group).

Messages 3 & 4 → Exchange key-related information.

Messages 5 & 6 → Perform mutual authentication.

Why is B correct?

Messages 1 and 2 negotiate IKE proposalsbetween VPN peers.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → IKEv1 Main Mode Negotiation

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System)is used toevaluate the severity of security vulnerabilities.

It consists of three metric groups:

A. Temporal→ Measures how the vulnerability changes over time.

B. Base→ Measures theinherent severityof the vulnerability.

C. Environmental→ Measures the impact based on the user's specific environment.

Why is D incorrect?

"Spatial" is not a part of the CVSS scoring system.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → CVSS and Risk Scoring

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

1️⃣Understanding HWTACACS:

HWTACACS (Huawei Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System)is aHuawei-proprietaryAAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) protocol.

It isbased on the TACACS+ protocolbut optimized for Huawei devices.

Why the Statement is False?

The statement contains atechnical inaccuracyabout thetransport protocolused by HWTACACS.

Incorrect:"It uses UDP for transmission."

Correct:HWTACACS uses TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), not UDP.

TACACS+ and HWTACACS both use TCP (port 49) for reliable communication.

Key Features of HWTACACS:

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Why TCP is Used Instead of UDP?

TCP ensures reliable deliveryof AAA messages.

UnlikeRADIUS (which uses UDP), HWTACACS does not suffer from packet loss issuessince TCP provides retransmission and flow control.

Where is HWTACACS Used?

Device Login Authentication→ Securely managesnetwork administrators accessing Huawei routers, switches, and firewalls.

Authorization Control→ Grants specific command-level privileges to users.

Accounting→ Logs command execution for auditing purposes.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Hot standby networkingensureshigh availabilityby keeping a backup firewall ready in case of failure.

Two main modes exist:

Active/Standby Mode→ One firewall is active, and the other remains standby. Configuration is synchronized fromactive → standby.

Load-Sharing Mode→ Both firewallsprocess traffic simultaneously, improving performance.

Why is A false?

InLoad-Sharing Mode, both firewalls are active, butconfiguration synchronization does not cause conflicts. Instead, the firewalls synchronize states properly.

Why is D false?

InLoad-Sharing Mode, configuration is always synchronizedfrom the active firewall to the standby firewall, not the other way around.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Hot Standby Configuration

Huawei USG Firewalls High Availability Guide

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Health checkensuresnetwork reliabilityby detecting link failures.

Supports multiple protocols: ICMP, TCP, UDP, DNS, and HTTP.

Works with PBR (Policy-Based Routing):

Health checkmonitors link status, and if a failure is detected,PBR dynamically switches to an alternate path.

Why is C false?

Health check CAN be used with PBRto ensure traffic is routed via healthy links.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → Health Check Configuration

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Network Access Control (NAC) and AAA work together for secure network access.

Key functions:

A. AAA handles user-to-device authentication.

B. NAC handles device-to-server authentication.

C. NAC supports 802.1X, MAC authentication, and Portal authentication.

D. AAA enforces authentication, authorization, and accounting.

Why are all options correct?

Each option correctly describes a function of NAC or AAA.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → NAC & AAA Integration

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Aggressive modeis a faster IKE Phase 1 negotiation method butdoes not support NAT traversal (NAT-T) with AH.

NAT-T only works with ESP, because:

AH includes the original IP header in its integrity check, which breaks when NAT modifies the IP address.

ESP works with NAT-Tsince it does not include the original IP header in its integrity check.

Why is this statement false?

AH does not support NAT-T, soAH+ESP cannot be used in NAT traversal scenarios.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → IPsec VPN NAT Traversal

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Firewalls with advanced security features(such asIPS, Antivirus, and File Filtering) candetect and respond to file anomalies.

Actions that can be taken when an anomaly is detected:

A. Alarm→ Generates a log entry and notifies the administrator.

C. Block→ Prevents the file from being transferred.

D. Delete attachment→ Removes malicious attachments from emails.

Why is B incorrect?

Allowing a detected malicious file is not a valid security response.

HCIP-Security References:

Huawei HCIP-Security Guide → File Filtering & IPS Protection