VMware 5V0-22.23 Practice Test Questions Answers

In a vSAN stretched cluster configuration, both data sites are active sites, but one site must be designated as the preferred site and the other site as the secondary or nonpreferred site. This configuration helps to ensure that data remains on a given site in case of a network partition between the sites. If the network connection between the two active sites is lost, vSAN continues operation with the preferred site, unless it is resyncing or has another issue. The site that leads to maximum data availability is the one that remains in operation. The other options are not relevant to this scenario. References: Introduction to Stretched Clusters; vSAN Stretched Cluster Guide

To upgrade multiple vSAN Witness nodes with vLCM (single image management) that are used for vSAN Stretched and two-node Clusters, the administrator can upgrade two witness node types: appliance witness node and nested witness node. An appliance witness node is a virtual ESXi host that runs on a physical ESXi host and contains the witness components of VM objects stored in the vSAN cluster. A nested witness node is a virtual ESXi host that runs on another virtual ESXi host and contains the witness components of VM objects stored in the vSAN cluster. Both types of witness nodes can be managed by vLCM as independent nodes since vSphere 7.0 Update 3, as long as they are version 7.0 Update 2 or later. The other options are not correct. A shared witness node is a witness node that serves multiple vSAN clusters, which is not supported by vLCM. A dedicated witness node is a witness node that serves only one vSAN cluster, which is not a specific type of witness node. A physical witness node is aphysical ESXi host that contains the witness components of VM objects stored in the vSAN cluster, which cannot be upgraded by vLCM. References: vSphere Lifecycle Manager and the vSAN Witness Hosts; Shared Witness for 2-Node vSAN Deployments

To satisfy the customer’s needs for high-performance, low-latency applications at edge locations, the best deployment option is to use a new three-node vSAN 8.0 All-Flash Cluster with OSA in each edge location and configure each application VM with a RAID-1 VM storage policy. This option will provide the following benefits:

All-flash clusters offer the highest performance and lowest latency for vSAN, as they use flash devices for both cache and capacity tiers. Flash devices have faster read and write operations than magnetic disks, and they also support advanced features such as deduplication, compression, and encryption.

OSA stands for One Socket Architecture, which means that each host has only one CPU socket with multiple cores. This reduces the licensing cost and complexity of vSphere and vSAN, as well as the power consumption and cooling requirements of the hosts. OSA also improves the performance of vSAN by eliminating the NUMA effect, which is the latency caused by accessing memory or devices across different CPU sockets.

RAID-1 is a mirroring technique that creates two copies of each data component and places them on different hosts. This provides high availability and fault tolerance for the application VMs, as they can survive the failure of one host or disk. RAID-1 also offers better performance than RAID-5 or RAID-6, as it does not incur any parity overhead or additional write operations.

The other options are not optimal for the customer’s needs, as they either sacrifice performance or capacity. Option A uses RAID-5, which is an erasure coding technique that splits each data component into three data segments and one parity segment, and distributes them across four hosts. This reduces the capacity consumption by 25%, but it also increases the write latency and network traffic, as each write operation requires four hosts to participate. Option C uses ESA, which stands for Enterprise Storage Architecture, which means that each host has two CPU sockets with multiple cores. This increases the licensing cost and complexity of vSphere and vSAN, as well as the power consumption and cooling requirements of the hosts. ESA also introduces the NUMA effect, which can degrade the performance of vSAN by adding latency to access memory or devices across different CPU sockets. Option D uses RAID-5 with ESA, which combines the disadvantages of both options A and C.

Adding one more disk group per host with the same configuration and adding an ESXi host with identical device configuration are the two methods that the vSAN administrator should use to meet the goal of increasing capacity and performance with the least amount of impact. Adding one more disk group per host will increase the raw storage capacity by 20% and also improve the performance by distributing the I/O load across more cache devices and disk groups. Adding an ESXi host with identical device configuration will increase the raw storage capacity by 25% and also improve the performance by adding more compute and network resources to the cluster. Both methods can be done without disrupting any ongoing operations or requiring any data evacuation or resynchronization.

The other options are incorrect for the following reasons:

Replacing all capacity devices with a similar larger device is incorrect because it will not increase the performance and will have a significant impact on the cluster. Replacing the capacity devices requires deleting the disk groups, which will erase all data on them and trigger a resynchronization of the affected objects. This can be disruptive and time-consuming, and also introduce additional network and disk traffic.

Replacing all cache devices with a larger device is incorrect because it will not increase the capacity and will have a significant impact on the cluster. Replacing the cache devices also requires deleting the disk groups, which will have the same drawbacks as replacing the capacity devices. Moreover, increasing the cache size may not improve the performance significantly, as vSAN OSA uses afixed cache ratio of 70% for write buffer and 30% for read cache, regardless of the cache device size.

Adding faster cache devices is incorrect because it will not increase the capacity and will have a significant impact on the cluster. Adding faster cache devices also requires deleting the disk groups, which will have the same drawbacks as replacing the cache devices. Furthermore, adding faster cache devices may not improve the performance significantly, as vSAN OSA uses a fixed cache ratio of 70% for write buffer and 30% for read cache, regardless of the cache device speed. References:

VMware vSAN Specialist v2 Exam Preparation Guide, page 10

Expanding a vSAN Cluster

Using vSAN ESA and the new Storage pool configuration where all disks contribute to capacity is the correct answer because it allows the organization to take advantage of the new features in vSAN 8.0, such as improved I/O flow, better resiliency, and more efficient disk usage. With vSAN ESA, there is no need to create disk groups or designate cache disks, as all disks are treated as capacity disks and use a new algorithm to distribute data across them. This also simplifies the disk management and reduces the overhead of cache management. References:

VMware vSAN Specialist v2 Exam Preparation Guide, page 6

What’s New in VMware vSAN 8.0