CWDP-305 CWNP Certified Wireless Design Professional Free Practice Exam Questions (2025 Updated)

The Bill of Materials (BoM) is a comprehensive list detailing all hardware components, devices, and materials required for the deployment of a WLAN infrastructure. It serves as a reference for procurement and ensures that all necessary items are accounted for before the deployment begins. Unlike the Statement of Work, which outlines the scope and objectives, or the design report, which provides technical specifications, the BoM focuses specifically on the tangible components needed for implementation.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Increasing capacity in a coverage-based wireless network involves optimizing the network to handle more clients and traffic efficiently. The recommended techniques include:

A. Maximize airtime usage by disabling lower data rates:Disabling lower data rates (e.g., 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps) reduces the time the medium is occupied by slower transmissions, thereby increasing overall network efficiency and capacity.

B. Add additional APs and use directional antennas:Deploying more access points (APs) with directional antennas helps in segmenting the coverage area, reducing co-channel interference, and increasing capacity by allowing more simultaneous transmissions in different directions.

D. Lower power on the access points and, after careful planning, add more APs:Reducing the transmit power of APs minimizes overlap and interference between cells. After careful planning, adding more APs ensures coverage continuity and increases capacity by distributing the load among more APs.

C. Turn up power on the access points:Increasing the transmit power can lead to excessive overlap between cells, causing interference and reducing overall network capacity. Therefore, this is not a recommended practice for increasing capacity.

If QoS markings are correct from the client to the AP but incorrect from the AP to the client, it's likely that the QoS markings are being stripped or not trusted somewhere on the wired network between the controller and the AP. This misconfiguration can result in the AP transmitting frames without the appropriate QoS markings, affecting voice quality.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

iPerf is a widely used network testing tool that measures the maximum achievable bandwidth on IP networks. In the context of wireless site surveys and validation, iPerf is utilized to perform throughput testing, providing insights into the data transfer rates between devices. This information is vital for assessing the performance of the wireless network and ensuring it meets the required specifications.

Importing a scaled floor plan is one of the very first steps required in wireless design tools. This serves as the canvas upon which walls, attenuation, and APs will be layered. Without a floor plan, no spatial or RF modeling can occur.

From CWDP-305:

“A properly scaled and oriented floor plan is the foundation of a design. It should be imported early in the process before defining wall types, coverage areas, or AP placements.”

— Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on Wireless Design Process

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

High channel utilization can be caused by various factors, but one critical issue to rule out is the presence ofan RF signal generator causing a Denial of Service (DoS)attack. Such devices can emit continuous or intermittent signals that occupy the channel, preventing legitimate Wi-Fi communication. Identifying and eliminating such sources is essential for maintaining optimal network performance.

Low PHY rates: Can contribute to increased airtime usage but are not the primary concern in this context.

High workload or frame rates: Indicate heavy usage but not necessarily malicious interference.

Microwave ovens operate at frequencies around 2.45 GHz, which can cause interference with Wi-Fi signals in the 2.4 GHz band. During lunch hours, increased use of microwaves in the break room can lead to intermittent Wi-Fi connectivity due to this interference.

EAP-TTLS (Extensible Authentication Protocol - Tunneled Transport Layer Security) is an authentication protocol that allows the use of client credentials (such as usernames and passwords) while requiring a server-side certificate. Client-side certificates are optional, making it a flexible solution for environments where deploying certificates to all clients is impractical. This method establishes a secure tunnel between the client and server, ensuring that credentials are protected during the authentication process.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Installing antennas on a 70-foot tower involves working at significant heights, which presents safety risks and requires specialized skills. Therefore:

A. Hiring a certified tower installer:It is essential to employ professionals who are certified and trained in tower climbing and installation to ensure compliance with safety regulations and standards, such as those set by OSHA and ANSI.

B. Special antennas that avoid reflections on the tower poles:While antenna placement is important, standard antennas can be used with proper installation techniques to minimize reflections.

C. APs that are designed to operate above 70 feet:Access points are designed to operate within specific environmental conditions, but the height of installation does not typically necessitate special APs.

D. Special RF cables that will not create loss incurred by the metal tower construction:Standard RF cables are designed to function effectively in various installations; however, proper cable selection and installation practices are important to minimize signal loss.

Achieving a 450 Mbps data rate in 802.11n requires specific features:

Short Guard Interval (GI):Reduces the interval between symbols from 800 ns to 400 ns, increasing throughput.

40 MHz Channels:Doubles the channel width compared to 20 MHz, allowing more data to be transmitted.

3 Spatial Streams:Utilizes multiple antennas to transmit separate data streams simultaneously, significantly boosting data rates.

While frame aggregation and transmit beamforming enhance performance and reliability, they are not prerequisites for achieving the 450 Mbps MCS rate.

In high-security or regulated environments like food processing plants, it's crucial to obtain proper authorization before entering restricted zones. The CWDP-305 Study Guide emphasizes that site surveyors must follow all site-specific safety and access policies. Entering restricted areas without prior clearance can result in serious compliance violations. Therefore, the surveyor must coordinate with the customer’s facilities or security team to gain appropriate access prior to beginning the survey.

Any deviation from the RF design plan, including changes in AP placement, can significantly impact the performance and coverage of the WLAN.Therefore, it's crucial to consult the RF designer before making any alterations.The RF designer can assess the proposed changes and determine if they align with the overall network design objectives or if adjustments are necessary to maintain optimal performance.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

IEEE 29148-2018 outlines characteristics for both individual requirements and sets of requirements. While individual requirements should be necessary, feasible, and verifiable, the characteristic of being comprehensible applies to the entire set of requirements. This means that the collective requirements should be understandable to stakeholders, ensuring that the system's intended functions and constraints are clear and unambiguous.

802.11r Fast Transition (FT) defines two methods to facilitate quick and secure roaming between access points:

Over-the-Air (OTA): The client communicates directly with the target AP to perform the authentication exchange during roaming.

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Over-the-DS (Distribution System): The client communicates with the current AP, which then relays the authentication information to the target AP over the wired network.

Both methods aim to reduce latency during the roaming process, ensuring seamless connectivity for applications sensitive to delays, such as VoIP.

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In WLANs utilizing 802.1X authentication, client roaming involves re-authentication processes, which can introduce latency. To enhance roaming efficiency, key caching mechanisms are employed:

Pairwise Master Key (PMK) Caching:Allows a client to reuse a previously established PMK with an AP, reducing authentication time during roaming.

Opportunistic Key Caching (OKC):Enables clients to use the same PMK across multiple APs within the same mobility domain, facilitating faster transitions.

Fast BSS Transition (802.11r):Introduces protocols for quick and secure handoffs between APs.

Implementing these key caching protocols significantly improves client roaming performance in MCA networks.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Involving end-users in the final meeting ensures that the WLAN infrastructure meets their needs and expectations.Their feedback is crucial for validating the network's performance and usability, as they are the primary users who will interact with the system daily.

In the 5 GHz band, all Wi-Fi traffic (802.11a/n/ac/ax) uses OFDM or OFDMA modulation. If multiple APs use overlapping or identical channels, this results in Co-Channel Interference (CCI). Legacy technologies like HR/DSSS and ERP operate in 2.4 GHz and do not contribute to CCI in 5 GHz.

From CWDP-305:

“CCI occurs when multiple devices share the same channel. In 5 GHz, all compliant Wi-Fi traffic uses OFDM-based PHYs, so other nearby OFDM networks are a primary source of CCI.”

— Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on Post-Design ValidationandTroubleshooting

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

In scenarios where the 2.4 GHz radio is not used for standard access point operations, it can be repurposed for functions such as security monitoring. Utilizing the 2.4 GHz radio for monitoring allows the network to detect unauthorized devices, rogue APs, and potential security threats, thereby enhancing the overall security posture of the wireless network.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Ensuring high availability in RF design involves strategies that provide redundancy and resilience:

C. Deploy using 100 percent overlap:Overlapping coverage areas between APs ensure that if one AP fails, clients can seamlessly connect to another, maintaining network availability.

E. Use dual spectrums:Utilizing both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands allows for flexibility and redundancy. If one band experiences interference or congestion, clients can switch to the other.

A. Powering APs to maximum powercan lead to increased interference and is not a recommended practice for high availability.

B. HSRP/VRRP protocolsare related to router redundancy and do not directly impact RF availability.

D. Deploying 802.3afrefers to Power over Ethernet standards and, while important for powering devices, does not directly contribute to RF high availability.