CWDP-305 CWNP Certified Wireless Design Professional Free Practice Exam Questions (2025 Updated)

When deploying a WLAN that includes both WMM-PS (Wi-Fi Multimedia Power Save) certified devices and legacy devices that do not support WMM, it's important to understand the implications on performance and battery life.

WMM-PS, based on Unscheduled Automatic Power Save Delivery (U-APSD), allows client devices to conserve battery power by managing the time the device spends in sleep mode and reducing the need for frequent wake-ups.This mechanism is particularly beneficial for applications like VoIP, where timely delivery of packets is crucial.

However, legacy devices that do not support WMM-PS rely on older power-saving mechanisms, such as PS-Poll, which are less efficient.When both WMM-PS and non-WMM-PS devices operate on the same WLAN, the differences in power-saving capabilities can lead to inconsistencies in performance and battery life.Specifically, WMM-PS devices may experience better battery conservation and performance, while non-WMM-PS devices may have reduced efficiency.

This scenario is addressed in the CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, which emphasizes the importance of understanding client capabilities and their impact on WLAN performance.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

In voice over WLAN (VoWLAN) deployments, seamless roaming is critical to maintain call quality. As users move throughout the office, their devices must transition between access points without dropping the call or experiencing latency. Therefore, ensuring efficient and fast roaming capabilities is paramount in the design of a WLAN intended to support voice applications.

For long-distance point-to-point wireless links, such as those spanning over 1000 yards, directional antennas are preferred due to their focused beamwidth and higher gain.Yagi antennas are a type of directional antenna known for their high gain and narrow beamwidth, making them suitable for such applications.While panel and patch antennas are also directional, Yagi antennas are specifically designed for long-range communications.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

When discrepancies are found between the physical environment and the CAD drawings during a site survey, it's crucial to update the documentation to reflect the current state accurately. Redrawing the portions of the map that have changed ensures that the design and subsequent deployment are based on accurate information, leading to a more reliable and efficient wireless network.

Wi-Fi 6E introduces access to the 6 GHz spectrum, which provides a significantly larger number of non-overlapping 20 MHz, 40 MHz, and even 80 MHz and 160 MHz channels than the 5 GHz band. This abundance of spectrum allows channel bonding (e.g., 40 MHz) with minimal adjacent channel interference (ACI).

From CWDP-305:

“The availability of contiguous spectrum in the 6 GHz band allows for wider channels, such as 40 MHz and 80 MHz, to be used more frequently without interference issues seen in the 5 GHz band.”

— Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on Designing for Specific Applications

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Return loss measures how well devices or lines match impedance, with higher values indicating better matching and less signal reflection. When measuring return loss through a cable with known loss, the actual return loss of the antenna is calculated by subtracting twice the cable loss from the measured value:

Measured return loss = 20 dB

Cable loss = 2.5 dB

Actual return loss = 20 dB - (2 × 2.5 dB) = 15 dB

However, since the question states the measured value is "larger than 20 dB," let's assume it's, for example, 22.5 dB:

Actual return loss = 22.5 dB - (2 × 2.5 dB) = 17.5 dB

An actual return loss of17.5 dBis considered acceptable and indicates a reasonably good impedance match, minimizing signal reflections.

In environments like museums, aesthetic considerations are paramount. To maintain the visual integrity of exhibits while ensuring robust wireless coverage, APs can be concealed using plastic covers that match the surroundings. These covers are designed to be RF-transparent, ensuring that signal strength and quality are not compromised.

Other options are less suitable:

Locking the AP inside a metal box would severely attenuate the wireless signal due to the shielding effect of metal.

Placing APs between walls and I-beams may obstruct signal propagation and complicate maintenance.

Using outdated technology like 802.11b APs would not meet modern performance standards and could introduce compatibility issues.

In a centralized data forwarding architecture, Access Points (APs) tunnel all client traffic to the WLAN controller.The controller then processes this traffic and forwards it to the appropriate destination.During this process, the controller maps the Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) values from the client's IP packets to the appropriate IEEE 802.1Q priority tag values.This mapping ensures that Quality of Service (QoS) is maintained across the wired network, allowing switches and routers to prioritize traffic based on these tags.Cisco

In stadium environments where aesthetics are important, using under-seat enclosures for APs is a common practice. These enclosures conceal the APs, protect them from physical damage, and maintain the manufacturer's warranty, as they do not require modifications like painting or unauthorized mounting methods.

Confidentiality is a core principle of information security that involves keeping data hidden or inaccessible from unauthorized users. In the context of WLANs, confidentiality is maintained through encryption protocols such as WPA2/WPA3, which ensure that even if a data transmission is intercepted, its contents remain unreadable to unintended receivers.

From the CWDP-305 Study Guide, confidentiality is defined as:

“The protection of transmitted data from unauthorized disclosure. This is typically accomplished through encryption methods that obscure the original content, ensuring that intercepted packets cannot be deciphered by unintended recipients.”

Other security terms like authentication (verifying identity), integrity (ensuring data is not altered), and nonrepudiation (assurance of origin) are also important but pertain to different aspects of data protection.

— Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide, Chapter on Wireless Design Process

Coverage must be validated from the perspective of the least capable or lowest-spec client device expected in the environment. This ensures that all necessary devices—not just the most capable ones—can associate and operate reliably.

From CWDP-305:

“Validating coverage should focus on the least capable client device since it will typically have the weakest radio and lowest sensitivity. This ensures all users can connect and meet performance requirements.”

— Reference: CWDP-305 Official Study Guide, Post-Design Validation Chapter

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Transitioning from a centralized to a distributed data forwarding model can introduce compatibility issues. Specifically:

C.Some APs designed for centralized architectures may lack the necessary hardware or firmware capabilities to support distributed forwarding features, such as local breakout or direct client-to-client communication, leading to potential limitations in functionality.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

Real-Time Location Systems (RTLS) utilize various technologies to track and locate assets or individuals in real-time. The methods include:

A. Sound:Ultrasonic sensors can be used for location tracking by measuring the time it takes for sound waves to travel between devices.

B. 802.11-capable laptops:Wi-Fi-based RTLS can leverage existing 802.11 infrastructure and devices to determine location based on signal strength and triangulation.

C. Active RFID:Active RFID tags have their own power source and can transmit signals to readers, allowing for real-time tracking over longer distances.

D. Infrared:Infrared sensors can be used for location tracking, especially in environments where line-of-sight is available.

F. UWB (Ultra-Wideband):UWB technology provides high-precision location tracking by transmitting signals over a wide frequency spectrum.

G. Passive RFID:Passive RFID tags do not have their own power source and are activated by the electromagnetic field of a reader, suitable for tracking items in close proximity.

E. UHV:Ultra-High Voltage (UHV) is not a technology used in RTLS and is therefore not applicable.

In public Wi-Fi environments, it's common to implement security measures that prevent clients from communicating directly with each other. This is achieved through peer-to-peer blocking, also known as client isolation. When enabled, this feature ensures that each client can communicate with the AP and access external networks but cannot interact with other clients on the same WLAN.

This setup enhances security by reducing the risk of attacks or unauthorized access between clients.

EAP-TLS (Extensible Authentication Protocol - Transport Layer Security) is the most secure EAP type that utilizes certificates for mutual authentication between the client and the server.In this method, both the client and the server present certificates to authenticate each other, eliminating the need for passwords and providing strong security against various attacks.

The CWDP-305 Official Study and Reference Guide emphasizes the importance of using EAP-TLS in environments where strong security is required:

"EAP-TLS is considered one of the most secure EAP types because it uses certificates for both client and server authentication. It provides mutual authentication and is widely supported."

Therefore, for organizations seeking to enhance their WLAN security by moving away from PSK and implementing certificate-based authentication, EAP-TLS is the recommended choice.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

The SKINNY protocol, also known as the Skinny Client Control Protocol (SCCP), is a proprietary protocol used by Cisco for VoIP signaling between endpoints and call managers. Its presence in a protocol capture indicates that VoIP services are active on the network.

In Voice over WLAN (VoWLAN) deployments, it's crucial to differentiate between various types of voice-related traffic to ensure optimal Quality of Service (QoS).Real-Time Protocol (RTP) carries the actual voice payload, while control protocols like RTCP manage session control and quality feedback.Assigning distinct priority levels to these traffic types allows the network to prioritize voice payloads appropriately while still handling control traffic efficiently.

When designing a WLAN infrastructure, it's essential to calculate the Power over Ethernet (PoE) budget accurately to ensure all Access Points (APs) receive sufficient power. IEEE 802.3at, also known as PoE+, provides up to 30 watts of power per port. Therefore, for 6 APs:

6 APs × 30 W = 180 W

This calculation assumes that each AP requires the full 30 W provided by IEEE 802.3at and that there are no additional power losses or overheads. It's always a good practice to include a buffer in real-world scenarios to account for power losses in cables and potential future expansions.Quizlet

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:

For reliable Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) service, a minimum RSSI of -67 dBm is generally recommended. This level ensures sufficient signal strength to support the quality of service required for voice applications, providing adequate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and minimizing the likelihood of dropped calls or poor audio quality.