H12-891_V1.0 Huawei HCIE-Datacom V1.0 Free Practice Exam Questions (2025 Updated)

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

The statementAis incorrect because enablingDHCP snooping in the VLAN viewonly takes effect on interfaces within that specific VLAN that have DHCP snooping configured. It doesnot automatically apply to all interfaces of the device. Each interface within the VLAN must individually be configured or marked as trusted/untrusted.

B:Correct, as DHCP snooping, when enabled globally without any additional specifications, defaults to processingDHCPv4messages.

C:Correct, as DHCP snooping can protect against DHCP spoofing attacks by marking interfaces astrustedoruntrusted.

D:Correct, enabling DHCP snooping on an interface means it will monitor all DHCP messages on that specific interface.

In hot standby (active-active/load balancing) scenarios, Quick Session Backup is critical. This function ensures that session entries are immediately synchronized between firewalls to handle asymmetric traffic (where return traffic goes through a different firewall than the forward traffic).

Without it, the return packet may be dropped due to missing session information on the alternate firewall.

Exact Extract - HCIE-Datacom Security Module:

“When VGMP is in load balancing mode, quick session backup must be enabled to prevent traffic loss due to inconsistent forward and return paths.”

BGP EVPN Route Types in VXLAN:

BGP EVPN Type 2 Route (MAC/IP Advertisement Route)

Used forhost reachability advertisement.

Carries MAC and IP address information of endpoints.

Does not carry an IP Prefix field(Type 5 routes handle prefixes).

Correct Explanation of Answer Choices:✅IP Address (B) is included– Used for host mobility and reachability.✅L3VNI (C) is included– Used forLayer 3 VXLAN routing.✅L2VNI (D) is included– Used forLayer 2 VXLAN bridging.❌IP Prefix (A) is not included in Type 2 routes– It is part ofEVPN Type 5 routesforprefix advertisement.

Reference from Huawei HCIE-Datacom Documentation:

Huawei VXLAN BGP EVPN Configuration Guide – Type 2 vs. Type 5 Routes

HCIE-Datacom Training Material – VXLAN Overlay Networks and BGP EVPN

When VLAN-based MAC address flapping detection is configured, the following actions can be taken:

Alarm sending (generates logs or SNMP traps)

MAC address blocking (blocks specific flapping MAC addresses)

Interface blocking (shuts down or disables the interface temporarily)

Traffic filtering, however, is not an action option directly supported as a response to MAC flapping. Traffic filtering is part of ACL or QoS, not a built-in flapping response.

Exact Extract - Huawei Switching Configuration Guide – MAC Address Management:

“Actions that can be configured upon detection of MAC address flapping include sending alarms, blocking MAC addresses, and blocking interfaces. Traffic filtering is not supported as a direct action.”

MP-BGP is an extension of BGP-4 that supports multi-protocol address families such as IPv6, VPNv4, etc. When PE and CE exchange BGP routes, there is no need to create a BGP process per VPN on the CE. The CE typically runs a standard BGP process, while the PE maintains separate VPN routing tables (VRFs).

Exact Extract - Huawei HCIE-Datacom MP-BGP Chapter:

“CE devices use standard BGP, and multiple VPNs can share the same BGP process on the CE. The PE handles VPN route separation through VRFs and MP-BGP.”

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

1. Free Mobility in Huawei Campus Networks:

Free mobility allows users to move freely within a campus network while retaining their access rights and security policies. It leveragesiMaster NCE-Campusas the controller to simplify the deployment and management of user policies.

2. Role of the Administrator:

Administrators are responsible for defining high-level policies and security configurations. Specifically:

Define a Policy Control Matrix:

Administrators create a matrix that specifies how users from different security groups interact.

This matrix outlines access permissions and is a part of the policy planning phase.

Define Security Groups:

Administrators categorize users, devices, or endpoints intosecurity groupsbased on their roles or functions.

These groups form the basis for applying uniform policies within the network.

3. Role of iMaster NCE-Campus (Controller):

The controller handles the automatic delivery of configured policies and security settings to network devices.

Deliver IP-Security Group Entries:

Once the administrator defines the policies and groups,iMaster NCE-Campusautomaticallydistributes the IP-Security Group Binding entriesto the relevant network devices.

This ensures consistent policy enforcement across the campus.

4. Why This Mapping Is Correct:

Administrators define the structure and policies, while thecontroller (iMaster NCE-Campus)handles the implementation and distribution.

This division of responsibilities optimizes the network management process, reducing human error and ensuring that policies are consistently applied.

To configure an SR-MPLS TE tunnel based on OSPF, all four options are mandatory:

A. Configure the LSR ID – LSR ID is required as the unique identifier of the router in MPLS and TE.

B. Enable segment routing in the OSPF process view – Needed to advertise segment information (SID).

C. Enable the opaque capability – Opaque LSAs are used to carry SR and TE information in OSPF.

D. Enable MPLS TE in the OSPF process view – Ensures that TE-related attributes (e.g., bandwidth) are advertised in OSPF LSAs.

Exact Extract - Huawei HCIE-Datacom SR-MPLS TE Configuration Guide:

“To support SR-MPLS TE over OSPF, it is necessary to configure the LSR ID, enable SR and MPLS TE capabilities in OSPF, and activate the OSPF opaque capability for carrying TE and SR attributes.”

BGP in Huawei SD-WAN

Huawei SD-WAN usesBGP (Border Gateway Protocol) as the primary routing protocolto exchange VPN routes between Customer Premises Equipment (CPEs) and the controller.

✅Why BGP is Used in SD-WAN?

Scalability: BGP can handle a large number of VPN routes.

Policy-Based Routing: BGP allowstraffic engineering and policy controlacross SD-WAN tunnels.

Multiprotocol Support: Huawei SD-WAN usesMP-BGP to exchange IPv4, IPv6, and VPNv4 routes.

HuaweiSD-WAN establishes secure tunnels between SD-WAN edge devices (CPEs, AR routers, and controllers) using tunneling protocols.

✅B. GRE over IPsec(Correct Answer)

GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) over IPsecisthe primary tunneling method used in Huawei SD-WAN.

GRE provides multi-protocol encapsulation, whileIPsec ensures encryption and security.

Used forsecure communication over public WAN links (e.g., the internet, LTE, MPLS, etc.).

Portal Authentication vs. MAC Authentication

✅Portal Authentication

Used inhigh-mobility environments(e.g., shopping malls, hotels, and public Wi-Fi hotspots).

Usersauthenticate via a web portalbefore gaining network access.

Supports multiple device types (smartphones, laptops, tablets, etc.).

✅MAC Address Authentication

Used fordumb devicesthatcannot perform interactive authentication(e.g., printers, IP phones, cameras).

The network authenticates devices based on their MAC addresses automatically.

Often used inenterprise LANsto ensureunattended devices get network access securely.

Reference from Huawei HCIE-Datacom Documentation:

Huawei CloudCampus Authentication Guide – Portal and MAC Authentication

HCIE-Datacom Training Material – Access Control Mechanisms

Huawei’sNQA (Network Quality Analysis)provides tools to test and monitor network performance such as latency, jitter, and packet loss. The supported test types include:

ICMP— For reachability and round-trip time testing.

UDP,TCP,HTTP,FTP, etc.

DNS,VoIP,DHCP(limited to simulation, not monitoring protocol status itself)

Protocols likeSNMPandOSPFarenot directly monitored by NQA, as these aremanagement or control plane protocols, not data-path or performance-measurable protocols.

Correct answer: C. ICMP

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

In theinter-AS MPLS VPN Option Bsolution:

Option Bestablishes amulti-hop eBGPconnection between the ASBRs (ASBR-PE1 and ASBR-PE2) to exchangeVPNv4 routes.

In this setup, theASBRs exchange labeled VPNv4 routesviaMP-BGP(Multiprotocol BGP).

The command:

[ASBR-PE1-bgp-af-vpnv4] undo peer 10.0.34.4 enable

is used todisable VPNv4 route exchangebetween theASBR-PE1andASBR-PE2.

If this command is executed,ASBR-PE1willnot transmit VPNv4 routestoASBR-PE2, breaking theinter-AS VPN connectivity.

Therefore, the statement isFALSEbecauseASBR-PE1andASBR-PE2mustexchange VPNv4 routes to maintain connectivity between the VPN sites across different ASes.

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

The IP prefix list configuration:

ip ip-prefix TEST permit 10.0.0.0 24 less-equal 30

10.0.0.0/24: Matches because it falls within the10.0.0.0/24prefix with thesame prefix length (24).

10.0.1.0/24: Matches because it also falls within the/24network range.

10.0.2.0/24: Matches for the same reason as the above.

10.0.0.1/30: Matches because it falls within the/24 prefixand itssubnet length (30)is within theless-equal 30range.

The prefix list permits any route that falls within the10.0.0.0/24network with asubnet mask ranging from /24 to /30. Therefore,all given routes are matched.

IS-IS Multi-Process:

Huawei devices support runningmultiple IS-IS processes simultaneously.

These processes arecompletely independentof one another: different LSDBs, interfaces, routing tables, etc.

Each process can be associated with aseparate VPN instance, and asingle VPN instance can be served by multiple IS-IS processes.

IS-IS Multi-Instance:

One IS-IS process canrun multiple instances, typically used formulti-VPN scenarios.

However, Huawei's current implementation prefersone VPN per processfor clarity and control.

Based on Huawei’s design:

Ais incorrect — an IS-IS processcanserve multiple VPNs in other vendors, but Huawei typically uses one process per VPN for clean separation.

Bis correct — a VPN instance can be associated withmultiple IS-IS processes.

Cis incorrect in Huawei implementation context.

Dis correct —IS-IS processes are independent.

Correct answers: B, D

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

TheHuawei SD-WAN Solutioninvolves four types of channels to ensure smooth and efficient network operation:

Management Channel (A):Used for managing and monitoring SD-WAN devices. It facilitates communication between theiMaster NCE-Campus controllerand SD-WAN devices.

Control Channel (B):Responsible for transmittingcontrol plane informationsuch as routing updates and protocol control messages.

Data Channel (C):Carries actualuser data trafficover the SD-WAN network.

Orchestration Channel (D):Used forservice orchestration, configuration delivery, and policy management.

All four channels work together to provide comprehensive network management, data transmission, and service orchestration in an SD-WAN environment.

VXLAN tunnel configuration, you donot use a control planelike BGP EVPN. Instead, youmanually configureall necessary forwarding parameters, including:VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier): Identifies the VXLAN segment.VTEP IP Address: The remote tunnel endpoint.Ingress Replication List: Required for multicast emulation (flooding/BUM traffic) in the absence of a multicast control plane.Whenconfiguring statically, theVNIis essential to map Layer 2/3 services to the correct VXLAN segment.Thus, the correct word to complete the sentence is:VNICorrect answer: VNI

In Huawei iMaster NCE-WAN controller active/standby deployment, to ensure seamless switchover and uninterrupted management and control channel communication, the following IPs must be configured consistently:

A. Southbound public IP addresses — Required for southbound communication from remote WAN devices via public networks.

C. Southbound private IP addresses — Used for devices accessing controllers over private links. Must remain unchanged between controllers.

D. Northbound IP addresses — For API and external system integration, ensuring upper-layer platforms don't need reconfiguration during switchover.

Internal interconnection addresses (B) are used for internal HA communication between controllers and do not need to be identical, hence not selected.

Exact Extract - Huawei HCIE-Datacom iMaster NCE-WAN Deployment Guide:

“To maintain service continuity, configure consistent southbound and northbound IP addresses across active and standby controllers. Internal interconnection addresses differ between nodes.”

Static information collection and analysisrefers to gatheringnon-changing (static) parametersof the network devices. These parameters are mostlyconfiguration-relatedand do not fluctuate dynamically.

Explanation of Correct Options:

✅A. Device types

Includes information about thehardware platform, model, and series of the device.

Example:Huawei NE40E, CE12800, or AR routers.

✅C. License

Licenses define feature capabilities, such as MPLS, BGP, or security functions.

Licenses arestatic parametersbecause they do not change unless manually updated.

Incorrect Options:

❌B. Interface types

Interface types (GigabitEthernet, FastEthernet, Serial, etc.)can changedepending on hardware or software configurations.

They arenot staticbecause interfaces can beadded or removed dynamically.

❌D. Packet loss rate

Packet loss rate is a dynamic parameter, as it varies depending on network conditions, congestion, or faults.

It is used inperformance monitoringrather than static data collection.

Reference from Huawei HCIE-Datacom Documentation:

Huawei Network Management Best Practices – Static & Dynamic Data Collection

HCIE-Datacom Guide – Network Monitoring and Analysis

Huawei NCE-Campus Network Health Check Manual

In Huawei’s CloudCampus Solution, when static IPsec VPN is used for WAN interconnection, the following devices are capable of acting as egress gateways for encrypted tunnels:

Access Point (AP)

Router

Switch

This is based on Huawei’s CloudCampus architecture, where all three device types can support VPN tunnel termination depending on the deployment size and use case.

Huawei Datacom Reference:

"In static IPsec VPN networking scenarios, egress devices can be APs, Routers, or Switches depending on the deployment model. This allows flexibility for small, medium, and large-scale branches."

(Source: HCIE-Datacom V1.0 Training Guide – WAN Interconnection and VPN Chapter)