H12-893_V1.0 Huawei HCIP-Data Center Network V1.0 Free Practice Exam Questions (2025 Updated)

Centralized gateway deployment using BGP EVPN in Huawei’s data center networks (e.g., CloudFabric) involves a gateway handling Layer 3 routing for VXLAN overlays. Let’s evaluate each statement:

A. When configuring a VTEP, you need to create a Layer 2 BD and bind a VNI to the Layer 2 BD:A Bridge Domain (BD) is a Layer 2 broadcast domain in VXLAN, and a Virtual Network Identifier (VNI) is bound to it to segment traffic. This is a standard step when configuring a VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint (VTEP) to map the overlay network.TRUE.

B. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEP IP addresses and can be established if the local and remote VTEP IP addresses are reachable to each other at Layer 3:VXLAN tunnels are established between VTEPs using their IP addresses as endpoints. Layer 3 reachability (e.g., via underlay routing) is required for tunnel establishment.TRUE.

C. When BGP EVPN is used to dynamically establish a VXLAN tunnel, the local and remote VTEPs first establish a BGP EVPN peer relationship and then exchange BGP EVPN routes to transmit VNI and VTEP IP address information. A VXLAN tunnel is then dynamically established between them:In BGP EVPN, VTEPs establish a BGP peer relationship, exchange routes (e.g., Type 2 for MAC/IP or Type 3 for multicast), and share VNI and VTEP IP details, enabling dynamic tunnel setup.TRUE.

D. When configuring a VTEP, you need to create an EVPN Instance in the Layer 2 BDand configure an RD for the local EVPN instance. You do not need to configure an RT:An EVPN Instance (EVI) is created within a BD, and a Route Distinguisher (RD) is configured to make routes unique. However, Route Targets (RTs) are also required to control route import/export between EVPN peers, ensuring proper VNI and route distribution. Stating that RT configuration is not needed is incorrect, as RTs are essential for BGP EVPN operation.FALSE.

Thus,Dis the false statement because RT configuration is necessary in centralized gateway deployment with BGP EVPN.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – BGP EVPN Configuration; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – EVPN Gateway Deployment.

In Huawei’s Data Center Network (DCN) architecture, particularly with the CloudFabric solution, the spine-leaf topology is a common design for scalable and efficient data centers. VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) is used to create overlay networks, enabling large-scale multi-tenancy and flexible workload placement.

Spine Nodes’ Role:In this architecture, spine nodes act as the backbone, interconnecting leaf nodes (which connect to servers, storage, or other endpoints) and facilitating high-speed, non-blocking communication. Spine nodes typically handle Layer 3 routing and serve as VXLAN tunnel endpoints (VTEPs) or connect to devices that do, integrating the physical underlay with the VXLAN overlay network.

Connection to VXLAN:Spine nodes ensure that traffic from various network devices (via leaf nodes) is routed efficiently across the VXLAN fabric. They provide the high-bandwidth, low-latency backbone required for east-west traffic in modern data centers, supporting VXLAN encapsulation and decapsulation indirectly or directly depending on the deployment.

Thus, the statement isTRUE (A)because spine nodes play a critical role in connecting the underlay network (various devices via leaf nodes) to the VXLAN overlay, as per Huawei’s DCN design principles.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution White Paper; HCIP-Data Center Network Training Materials – VXLAN and Spine-Leaf Architecture.

A vNIC (virtual Network Interface Card) is a software-emulated network interface used by virtual machines to communicate over a virtual or physical network. The statement’s reference to “bit stream mode” is ambiguous but likely implies raw, low-level bit transmission without higher-layer processing.

vNIC Functionality:A vNIC operates at a higher abstraction level than physical NICs. It interfaces with the hypervisor’s virtual switch (e.g., Open vSwitch in Huawei environments) and handles data in frames or packets (e.g., Ethernet frames), not just raw bit streams. The hypervisor or host NIC handles the physical bit stream transmission.

Data Transmission:vNICs support various modes depending on configuration (e.g., VirtIO, SR-IOV passthrough), transmitting structured data (frames/packets) rather than solely raw bits. Bit stream transmission is a physical-layer task, not the vNIC’s sole mode.

Thus, the statement isFALSE (B)because a vNIC does not transmit dataonlyin bit stream mode; it handles higher-level data structures, with bit-level transmission managed by underlying hardware.References:Huawei HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Virtualization Networking; FusionCompute Networking Guide.

In Huawei’s CloudFabric computing scenario, VM service traffic involves virtualized environments with VXLAN overlays and traditional VLANs. Let’s evaluate each statement:

A. Traffic inside a fabric is VXLAN encapsulated:This is true. Within a CloudFabric network, VXLAN encapsulation is used to transport traffic across the fabric, enabling overlay networking for VMs.TRUE.

B. Inter-VPC traffic must pass through the firewall:This is false. Inter-VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) traffic can be routed directly between VPCs using a gateway or router (e.g., with EVPN Type 5 routes) without necessarily passing through a firewall, depending on security policies. Firewalls are optional for inter-VPC traffic, not mandatory.FALSE.

C. Traffic between VAS devices and service leaf nodes is VLAN encapsulated:This is true. Value-Added Services (VAS) devices (e.g., load balancers) often connect to service leaf nodes using VLAN encapsulation, especially in traditional or hybrid deployments.TRUE.

D. Traffic between vSwitches on virtual servers and server leaf nodes is VLAN encapsulated:This is true. Traffic from virtual switches (vSwitches) on hypervisors to physical server leaf nodes typically uses VLAN encapsulation over the physical NICs, before VXLAN overlay if applicable.TRUE.

Thus,Bis the false statement because inter-VPC traffic does not always require a firewall.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Traffic Engineering; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – VM Traffic.

The physical architecture of a server refers to the tangible and low-level components that constitute the server itself, distinct from logical or software layers. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Application:Applications are software running on top of an operating system or virtual machine, not part of the server’s physical architecture. They belong to the logical or user layer, not the physical structure.Not Included.

B. VMmonitor (Hypervisor):Assuming “VMmonitor” refers to a hypervisor (e.g., KVM or Xen), it’s a software layer, but in Type-1 hypervisor scenarios, it runs directly on hardware, managing VMs. In Huawei’s context, it’s considered part of the server’s operational architecture when deployed physically.Included.

C. OS (Operating System):The OS (e.g., Linux, Windows) runs directly on server hardware or within a VM. In bare-metal servers, it’s a core component of the physical deployment.Included.

D. Hardware:Hardware (e.g., CPU, RAM, NICs, disks) is the foundational physical architecture of a server, providing the physical resources for all operations.Included.

Thus,A (Application)is not part of the physical architecture, as it’s a higher-level software entity, not a physical component.References:Huawei HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Server Architecture; FusionCompute Physical Architecture Overview.

TheEasy modein Huawei’s iMaster NCE-Fabric simplifies network deployment for basic VXLAN fabrics. Let’s evaluate each statement:

A. This mode has low networking requirements:This is true. Easy mode is designed for simple topologies (e.g., small spine-leaf networks) with minimal configuration complexity.TRUE.

B. iMaster NCE-Fabric automatically generates configuration script files:This is true. Easy mode automates script generation based on user inputs, reducing manual effort.TRUE.

C. On iMaster NCE-Fabric, you need to manually create and configure fabric resource pools, managed devices, device groups, device roles, tenants, and VPCs one by one in the Configuration Wizard menu:This is false. Easy mode automates these tasks, minimizing manual configuration compared to advanced modes.FALSE.

D. Layer 2 and Layer 3 basic services in a VPC are orchestrated on the Easy page:This is true. Easy mode supports automated orchestration of L2 (e.g., BDs) and L3 (e.g., gateways) services within a VPC.TRUE.

Thus,A, B, and Dare true statements about Easy mode.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – iMaster NCE-Fabric Easy Mode; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Deployment Modes.

FusionCompute is Huawei’s virtualization platform, part of the FusionSphere ecosystem, designed for managing virtualized resources in data centers. Its logical architecture consists of two primary modules:

VRM (Virtualization Resource Management):VRM is the management module responsible for centralized control, resource allocation, and monitoring of virtual machines, hosts, and clusters. It provides the user interface and orchestration capabilities for administrators to manage the virtualized environment.

CNA (Compute Node Agent):CNA runs on physical hosts and handles the execution of virtualization tasks, such as VM creation, resource scheduling, and communication with the underlying hypervisor (typically KVM in Huawei’s implementation). It acts as the compute node agent interfacing with the hardware.

Together, VRM and CNA form the core logical architecture of FusionCompute, with VRM managing the environment and CNA executing the compute tasks. The answer, per Huawei’s documentation, isVRM.References:Huawei FusionCompute Product Documentation – Architecture Overview; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – FusionCompute Section.

Reliability in Huawei’s CloudFabric data centers is enhanced through various mechanisms. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Power supply redundancy:This is true. Redundant power supplies (e.g., dual PSUs) ensure uninterrupted operation during power failures, a key reliability feature.TRUE.

B. M-LAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation):This is true. M-LAG provides high availability by allowing active-active forwarding and failover between switches, enhancing network reliability.TRUE.

C. Monitor Link:This is false. Monitor Link is a Huawei feature for link status monitoring, not a direct reliability enhancement mechanism like redundancy or clustering.FALSE.

D. Controller cluster:This is true. A clustered SDN controller (e.g., iMaster NCE-Fabric) ensures high availability and failover, improving network management reliability.TRUE.

Thus,A, B, and Denhance DC reliability.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Reliability Features; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – High Availability.

Virtualization technologies enable the creation of virtual machines (VMs) by abstracting hardware resources. Open-source technologies are freely available with accessible source code. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Hyper-V:Hyper-V is a hypervisor developed by Microsoft, integrated into Windows Server and available as a standalone product. It is proprietary, not open-source, as its source code is not publicly available.Not Open-Source.

B. Xen:Xen is an open-source hypervisor maintained by the Xen Project under the Linux Foundation. It supports multiple guest operating systems and is widely used in cloud environments (e.g., Citrix XenServer builds on it). Its source code is freely available.Open-Source.

C. FusionSphere:FusionSphere is Huawei’s proprietary virtualization and cloud computing platform, based on OpenStack and other components. While it integrates open-source elements (e.g., KVM), FusionSphere itself is a commercial product, not fully open-source.Not Open-Source.

D. KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine):KVM is an open-source virtualization technology integrated into the Linux kernel. It turns Linux into a Type-1 hypervisor, and its source code is available under the GNU General Public License. It’s widely used in Huawei’s virtualization solutions.Open-Source.

Thus,B (Xen) and D (KVM)are open-source virtualization technologies.References:Huawei HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Virtualization Technologies; Official Xen Project and KVM Documentation.

Layer 4 load balancing operates at the transport layer (OSI Layer 4), using TCP/UDP protocols to distribute traffic based on information like IP addresses and port numbers, without inspecting the application-layer content (Layer 7). Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Nginx:Nginx is a versatile web server and reverse proxy that supports both Layer 4 and Layer 7 load balancing. In its Layer 4 mode (e.g., with the stream module), it balances TCP/UDP traffic, making it a Layer 4 load balancing technology. This is widely used in Huawei’s CloudFabric DCN solutions for traffic distribution.TRUE.

B. PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol):PPP is a Layer 2 protocol used for establishing direct connections between two nodes, typically in WAN scenarios (e.g., dial-up or VPNs). It does not perform load balancing at Layer 4 or any layer, as it’s a point-to-point encapsulation protocol.FALSE.

C. LVS (Linux Virtual Server):LVS is a high-performance, open-source load balancing solution integrated into the Linux kernel. It operates at Layer 4, using techniques like NAT, IP tunneling, or direct routing to distribute TCP/UDP traffic across backend servers. It’s a core Layer 4 technology in enterprise DCNs.TRUE.

D. HAProxy:HAProxy is a high-availability load balancer that supports both Layer 4 (TCP mode) and Layer 7 (HTTP mode). In TCP mode, it balances traffic based on Layer 4 attributes, making it a Layer 4 load balancing technology. It’s commonly deployed in Huawei DCN environments.TRUE.

Thus,A (Nginx), C (LVS), and D (HAProxy)are Layer 4 load balancing technologies. PPP is not.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Load Balancing Section; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Network Traffic Management.

Microsegmentation in Huawei’s data center networks (e.g., CloudFabric with SDN) divides Endpoint Groups (EPGs) to enforce fine-grained security policies. EPGs group endpoints (e.g., VMs) based on attributes. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Operating system:This is true. The OS type (e.g., Linux, Windows) can be used to segment EPGs, enabling policy enforcement based on OS-specific security needs.TRUE.

B. VM name:This is true. VM names can be used as identifiers for microsegmentation, allowing policies to target specific VMs.TRUE.

C. IP address:This is true. IP addresses are commonly used to define EPG boundaries, especially for network-based segmentation.TRUE.

D. MAC address:This is true. MAC addresses can segment EPGs, particularly for Layer 2-based policies or device-specific isolation.TRUE.

All optionsA, B, C, and Dare valid conditions for microsegmentation to divide EPGs in Huawei’s implementation.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Microsegmentation; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – EPG Configuration.

VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) tunnels are used to encapsulate Layer 2 traffic over a Layer 3 network, a key feature in Huawei’s data center solutions. The endpoints of a VXLAN tunnel are VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints (VTEPs), identified by their IP addresses.

Tunnel Identification:A VXLAN tunnel is uniquely identified by the pair of VTEP IPaddresses (local and remote), along with the VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier). This pair ensures the tunnel is specific to the communication path between the two VTEPs.

Tunnel Establishment:During setup, VTEPs exchange information to learn each other’s IP addresses. This can occur manually (static configuration) or dynamically (e.g., via BGP EVPN). The underlay network must provide Layer 3 reachability between the VTEP IP addresses, typically using routing protocols (e.g., OSPF, BGP) to ensure IP connectivity.

Reachability Condition:If the local and remote VTEP IP addresses are reachable at Layer 3, the tunnel can be established, allowing encapsulation and decapsulation of VXLAN traffic. This is a fundamental requirement in Huawei’s VXLAN implementation.

The statement isTRUE (A)because a VXLAN tunnel’s identification and establishment depend on reachable VTEP IP address pairs at Layer 3.References:Huawei HCIP-Data Center Network Training – VXLAN Tunneling; CloudFabric VXLAN Deployment Guide.

VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) tunnels are used to encapsulate Layer 2 traffic over a Layer 3 network, a key component in Huawei’s CloudFabric data center solutions. Let’s evaluate each statement:

A. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEPs:This is true. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by the pair of VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint (VTEP) IP addresses (local and remote), along with the VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier). This ensures unique tunnel identification.TRUE.

B. After a tunnel is established, if one end of the tunnel goes Down, the other end may not go Down:This is true. VXLAN tunnels are unidirectional, and the status of one end does not automatically affect the other unless the underlay network connectivity (e.g., Layer 3 reachability) is lost. The remote VTEP may remain operational if it can still encapsulate/decapsulate traffic.TRUE.

C. For a static tunnel, you need to manually configure the local and remote VNIs:This is true. In a static VXLAN tunnel, administrators must manually configure the VNI and VTEP IP addresses on both ends, as there is no dynamic control plane (e.g., BGP EVPN) to automate the process.TRUE.

D. Dynamic tunnels depend on EVPN Type 5 routes to transmit information:This is false. Dynamic VXLAN tunnels rely on BGP EVPN as the control plane, but Type 5 routes (IP Prefix routes) are specifically used for advertising host IP routes and external network routes, not for general tunnel establishment. Dynamic tunnel setup primarily uses Type 2 (MAC/IP Advertisement) and Type 3 (Multicast) routes to exchange VNI and VTEP information. Type 5 routes are relevant for Layer 3 routing, not the initial tunnel setup.FALSE.

Thus,Dis the false statement because dynamic tunnels depend on EVPN Type 2 and Type 3 routes, not Type 5, for initial establishment.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – VXLAN Configuration Guide; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – VXLAN Tunneling.

Huawei’s CloudFabric Solution, managed by iMaster NCE-Fabric, provides robust Operations and Maintenance (O&M) capabilities. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Multi-path detection:This is true. CloudFabric supports multi-path detection (e.g., using ECMP) to verify load balancing and path diversity in the network.TRUE.

B. Network connectivity detection, such as IP ping and MAC ping:This is true. Tools like IP ping and MAC ping are supported for troubleshooting connectivity between devices and endpoints.TRUE.

C. Single-path detection:This is false. While multi-path detection is supported, single-path detection is not a distinct O&M function; connectivity checks typically involve multiple paths or end-to-end verification.FALSE.

D. Visualization of entries (MAC/IP) on logical routers and switches:This is true. CloudFabric provides visualization of MAC and IP entries on logical network elements, aiding in network management and troubleshooting.TRUE.

Thus,A, B, and Dare supported O&M functions.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – O&M Features; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Network Operations.

In Huawei’s CloudFabric Solution, iMaster NCE-Fabric automates overlay network (e.g., VXLAN) configuration, while the underlay network is manually deployed. Tenant hosts failing to access external networks indicate a connectivity issue, likely at the overlay-underlay boundary or security layer. Let’s evaluate each option as a possible cause:

A. No return route is configured on the PE:This is a possible cause. The Provider Edge (PE) device (e.g., border leaf or router) must have a return route to the tenant’s VXLAN network for external access. Without it, traffic from external networks cannot reach the DC.POSSIBLE CAUSE.

B. The engineer did not check whether the service loopback interface needs to be configured on the VXLAN network based on the switch model:This is a possible cause. Some Huawei switch models (e.g., CE series) require a service loopback interface as the VTEP source IP. If omitted or misconfigured based on the model, external connectivity fails.POSSIBLE CAUSE.

C. No firewall security policy is configured when host traffic passes through the firewall:This is a possible cause. If a firewall is in the path (e.g., between tenant VPC and external network), a missing security policy (e.g., allowing outbound traffic) blocks access.POSSIBLE CAUSE.

D. The MAC address of the NVE interface on the VXLAN network is not manually specified:This is not a possible cause. The Network Virtualization Edge (NVE) interface in VXLAN does not require a manually specified MAC address; it uses the switch’s system MAC or auto-generates one. iMaster NCE-Fabric typically handles this automatically, and manual specification is neither required nor a common fault point for external access issues.NOT A POSSIBLE CAUSE.

Thus,Dis not a possible cause of the fault.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Troubleshooting Guide; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – VXLAN Connectivity.

V-STP (Virtual Spanning Tree Protocol) is a Huawei-specific enhancement of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) designed to prevent Layer 2 loops in complex network topologies, including Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation (M-LAG) deployments on Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches.

M-LAG Overview:M-LAG allows two switches to appear as a single logical device, connecting to downstream devices via Link Aggregation Groups (LAGs). Without proper loop prevention, incorrect configurations (e.g., misconfigured ports) or physical connections (e.g., redundant links) can cause broadcast storms.

V-STP Role:V-STP extends STP to handle virtualized environments and M-LAG scenarios. It ensures that only one path is active in a loop-prone topology by blocking redundant links, preventing loops caused by misconfigurations or unintended connections. In M-LAG, V-STP coordinates with the peer-link to maintain a loop-free topology.

The statement isTRUE (A)because V-STP is designed to prevent loops in M-LAG deployments due to incorrect configurations or connections.References:Huawei CloudEngine Series Switch Configuration Guide – V-STP and M-LAG; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Loop Prevention.

Huawei’s iMaster NCE-Fabric is an SDN controller for the CloudFabric Solution, providing network orchestration and management. It includes built-in servers to support its operations. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. DNS server:This is false. iMaster NCE-Fabric does not include a built-in DNS server; it relies on external DNS services for name resolution, configured during deployment.FALSE.

B. RADIUS authentication server:This is false. RADIUS authentication is typically handled by external AAA servers; iMaster NCE-Fabric integrates with them but does not embed a RADIUS server.FALSE.

C. DHCP server:This is true. iMaster NCE-Fabric includes a built-in DHCP server to assign temporary IP addresses during Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) or initial device configuration.TRUE.

D. Version file server:This is true. A version file server is built into iMaster NCE-Fabric to store and deliver software images or configuration files for device upgrades and management.TRUE.

Thus,C (DHCP server) and D (Version file server)are built into iMaster NCE-Fabric.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – iMaster NCE-Fabric Features; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Controller Services.