1z0-1124-25 Oracle Cloud Infrastructure 2025 Networking Professional Free Practice Exam Questions (2025 Updated)

Requirement:Centralized logging of Network Firewall traffic for analysis.

OCI Services:

Audit Service:Logs API calls, not network traffic.

Logging Analytics:Analyzes logs but needs log ingestion.

Service Connector Hub with Logging:Moves firewall logs to OCI Logging.

Cloud Guard:Monitors security posture, not detailed logging.

Evaluate Options:

A:Audit Service is for API events; incorrect.

B:Logging Analytics requires log source; incomplete.

C:Service Connector Hub with Logging captures and stores firewall logs; best fit.

D:Cloud Guard is for threat detection, not logging; incorrect.

Conclusion:Service Connector Hub with OCI Logging meets the requirement.

OCI Network Firewall logs require integration with OCI Logging. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide states, "Service Connector Hub can be configured to transfer Network Firewall logs to OCI Logging for centralized storage and analysis, meeting auditing requirements" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: Network Firewall Logging). This ensures every session is logged and auditable.

Requirements:Private, encrypted connectivity to on-premises, no public internet.

Gateway Options:

Service Gateway:For OCI services, not on-premises.

Internet Gateway:Public internet access, unsuitable.

DRG with FastConnect:Private on-premises connectivity.

NAT Gateway:Outbound internet, not private to on-premises.

Evaluate Options:

A:Limited to OCI services; incorrect.

B:Uses public internet; violates policy.

C:FastConnect via DRG ensures private, encrypted link; correct.

D:Public IPs contradict requirement; incorrect.

Conclusion:DRG with FastConnect is the most appropriate.

FastConnect provides private connectivity via DRG. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide states, "A Dynamic Routing Gateway with FastConnect establishes a dedicated, private connection to on-premises networks, ensuring data encryption and isolation from the public internet" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: FastConnect). This meets security and privacy needs.

Goal: Balance global load balancing with regional WAF protection near users.

Option A: Single WAF in one region creates a bottleneck and increases latency—insufficient.

Option B: GLB distributes globally to regional Load Balancers, each with a WAF, ensuringprotection close to users—correct.

Option C: WAF before GLB centralizes protection, adding latency and a single failure point—incorrect.

Option D: Source IP routing with regional WAFs is less optimal than GLB’s health-based routing—less effective.

Conclusion: Option B optimizes both goals.

Oracle states:

"OCI GLB distributes traffic across regions. Pair with regional Load Balancers and WAFs for localized protection and optimal performance."This supports Option B. Reference:Global Load Balancer Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Balance/Concepts/globalbalance.htm).

Requirements: Private, low-latency cross-region VCN connectivity.

Option A: RPCs with route table updates enable private, direct peering via DRG—correct.

Option B: IPSec VPN adds latency over internet—incorrect.

Option C: Service Gateways are for OCI services—incorrect.

Option D: NAT Gateways use public IPs, not private—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option A is necessary.

Oracle states:

"Use Remote Peering Connections (RPCs) with DRG to connect VCNs across regions privately. Update route tables for CIDR routing."This supports Option A. Reference:Remote VCN Peering - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/remoteVCNpeering.htm).

Needs: Private, dedicated connection for large data transfers to Object Storage.

Option A: VPN with Service Gateway uses public internet, limiting bandwidth—incorrect.

Option B: Internet Gateway exposes traffic publicly—incorrect.

Option C: FastConnect Private Peering provides a dedicated link, and Service Gateway ensures private Object Storage access—correct.

Option D: DRG with Internet Gateway isn’t private—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option C best meets the need.

Oracle states:

"FastConnect Private Peering combined with a Service Gateway enables secure, high-bandwidth access to Object Storage from on-premises networks."This supports Option C. Reference:FastConnect and Service Gateway - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/fastconnect.htm#servicegateway).

Objective: Securely transition from self-signed to trusted CA certificates.

Option A: Importing self-signed certificates into OCI Certificates doesn’t improve security—incorrect.

Option B: Immediate replacement risks outages if clients don’t trust the new CA—unrecommended.

Option C: Gradual replacement with OCI Certificates, updating client truststores, ensures security and minimizes disruption—correct.

Option D: Bypassing validation via WAF weakens security—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option C is the most secure and recommended method.

Oracle advises:

"Replace self-signed certificates with OCI Certificates from a trusted CA. Perform a phased rollout and update client truststores to avoid disruptions."This validates Option C. Reference:OCI Certificates Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Security/Certificates/overview.htm).

Goal: Verify routing for inter-region VCN peering via DRG.

Option A: Cloud Guard monitors security, not routing—incorrect.

Option B: Audit Logs track changes, not current routing state—incorrect.

Option C: DRG Route Tables define routing rules, directly showing misconfigurations—correct.

Option D: Network Visualizer shows topology but not detailed routing rules—less effective.

Conclusion: DRG Route Tables are most effective.

Oracle states:

"DRG Route Tables are the primary tool for verifying and troubleshooting routing configurations for inter-region VCN peering."This validates Option C. Reference:DRG Troubleshooting - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/managingDRGs.htm#troubleshooting).

Concern:IPSec overhead reduces effective MTU.

MTU Impact:Must avoid fragmentation, which degrades performance.

Evaluate Factors:

A:Bandwidth doesn’t dictate MTU; incorrect.

B:Smallest MTU in path (path MTU) prevents fragmentation; most critical.

C:Ethernet MTU is a factor but not the limiting one; incomplete.

D:DRG fragmentation settings are secondary to path MTU; incorrect.

Conclusion:Path MTU is the key determinant to avoid fragmentation.

IPSec reduces MTU due to headers. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide explains, "When configuring IPSec over FastConnect, the most important factor is the smallest MTU supported along the entire path to prevent fragmentation and ensure efficient traffic flow" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: IPSec over FastConnect). Path MTU discovery is critical.

Requirements: Centralized DRG with tenant isolation.

Option A: Separate DRGs complicate management—incorrect.

Option B: NSGs work but are less secure than routing isolation—less optimal.

Option C: Single DRG with per-VCN route tables restricting routes to FastConnect only ensures isolation at the routing level—correct.

Option D: Compartments don’t isolate traffic at DRG—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option C is the most effective.

Oracle states:

"Use separate DRG route tables per VCN attachment to isolate traffic. Include only FastConnect routes to prevent VCN-to-VCN communication."This supports Option C. Reference:DRG Route Tables - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/managingDRGs.htm).

Needs: Secure, reliable hybrid multicloud access.

Option A: Multiple VPNs are secure but complex and less reliable over internet—less optimal.

Option B: Public internet with app security is insecure—incorrect.

Option C: FastConnect to OCI provides a private base; SD-WAN extends securely to AWS/Azure with encryption and HA—correct.

Option D: FastConnect to OCI with VPNs to others risks OCI as a single point of failure—less reliable.

Conclusion: Option C is the most secure and reliable.

Oracle advises:

"For hybrid multicloud, use FastConnect for primary connectivity and SD-WAN to extend securely to other clouds with encryption and policy control."This supports Option C. Reference:Multicloud Best Practices - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Concepts/multicloud.htm#bestpractices).

Requirement Analysis: The solution needs a private, high-bandwidth, low-latency connection (provided by FastConnect) with encryption for data confidentiality.

Option A (IPSec VPN): IPSec encrypts traffic at Layer 3 over public or private networks. While feasible over FastConnect, it’s redundant since FastConnect is already private, adding unnecessary overhead and complexity.

Option B (OCI Vault): Vault manages encryption keys and secrets but doesn’t encrypt traffic itself—only supports application-level encryption, not link-level—incorrect.

Option C (MACsec): MACsec (Media Access Control Security) provides Layer 2 encryption for Ethernet traffic, ideal for securing FastConnect’s dedicated link directly between devices, ensuring confidentiality without higher-layer overhead—correct.

Option D (OCI Bastion): Bastion secures remote access to VCN resources, not link encryption—incorrect.

Conclusion: MACsec enhances FastConnect with efficient, link-level encryption, meeting all requirements.

Oracle documentation states:

"MACsec provides Layer 2 encryption for FastConnect, securing Ethernet traffic between on-premises and OCI infrastructure. It’s ideal for ensuring confidentiality over dedicated connections."This supports Option C as the best additional product. Reference:FastConnect Security Options - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/fastconnect.htm#security).

Requirements: Outbound internet access, no inbound exposure, and private OCIR access.

Option A: Internet Gateway allows inbound traffic, violating the no-exposure rule—incorrect.

Option B: NAT Gateway enables outbound-only internet access, but Internet Gateway adds inbound exposure—incorrect.

Option C: NAT Gateway provides outbound internet access without inbound exposure; Service Gateway enables private OCIR access—correct.

Option D: DRG is for external networks, not internet/OCIR access; Internet Gateway exposes servers—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option C satisfies all requirements.

Oracle states:

"Use a NAT Gateway for outbound internet access from private subnets without inbound connectivity. Use a Service Gateway for private access to OCI services like OCIR."This supports Option C. Reference:NAT and Service Gateway Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/NATgateway.htm & docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/servicegateway.htm).

Goal: Apply least privilege for Cloud Shell to run diagnostics (ping, traceroute, nc) within a VCN.

Option A: Read permission on all virtual-network-family resources is too broad, granting unnecessary access beyond diagnostics—violates least privilege.

Option B: Instance Principals use temporary credentials tied to the Cloud Shell instance, enhancing security. A dynamic group with “read” and “use” permissions on NSGs and VNICs allows inspecting configurations and running diagnostics (e.g., via VNICs), meeting the exact need—correct.

Option C: Inspect permission only provides metadata access, insufficient for running diagnostics (e.g., no “use” for traffic)—incorrect.

Option D: Use permission on virtual-network-family at tenancy level is overly permissive, granting access to all network resources—violates least privilege.

Conclusion: Option B is the most restrictive and secure, aligning with least privilege.

Oracle states:

"Instance Principals allow services like Cloud Shell to authenticate without static credentials. Policies with ‘read’ and ‘use’ on specific resources (e.g., network-security-groups, vnics) enable diagnostics while adhering to least privilege."This supports Option B. Reference:Instance Principals - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Identity/Tasks/instanceprincipals.htm).

Symptoms:VPN tunnel drops intermittently despite stable internet and IKE settings.

VPN Components:Requires IKE (UDP 500/4500) and ESP (IP 50) traffic.

Evaluate Options:

A:Incorrect CPE IP would prevent tunnel establishment, not intermittent drops; incorrect.

B:DRG outage would cause full downtime, not intermittent; unlikely.

C:Security rules blocking IKE/ESP intermittently (e.g., rate limiting) is common; most likely.

D:NAT-Traversal issues typically prevent initial setup, not intermittent drops; less likely.

Conclusion:Security rule misconfiguration is the most probable cause.

VPN stability depends on unblocked IKE and ESP traffic. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide notes, "Intermittent VPN tunnel drops are often caused by security rules or firewalls blocking IKE (UDP 500/4500) or ESP (IP Protocol 50) traffic" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: Site-to-Site VPN Troubleshooting). This aligns with the scenario’s symptoms.

Requirement:Private access to Object Storage from a private subnet.

Components:

Internet Gateway:Public internet access; unsuitable.

NAT Gateway:Outbound internet; unsuitable.

Service Gateway:Private OCI service access; fits requirement.

Network Firewall:Security, not routing; incorrect.

Evaluate Options:

A:Public internet; violates policy.

B:Public internet; violates policy.

C:Keeps traffic in OCI network; correct.

D:Doesn’t enable access; incorrect.

Conclusion:Service Gateway ensures private access.

Service Gateway is designed for private OCI service access. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide explains, "A Service Gateway allows private subnet instances to access Object Storage without traversing the public internet, ensuring secure data transfer within OCI" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: Service Gateway). This meets the security requirement.