C_ABAPD_2507 SAP Certified Associate - Back-End Developer - ABAP Cloud Free Practice Exam Questions (2025 Updated)

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In a CDS view entity defined AS SELECT FROM, the association ON condition must use the source aliases defined in the FROM clause.

$projection is used in projection views (AS PROJECTION ON …), not in a basic select view entity. Therefore, options using $projection (B, C) are invalid here.

Using global names (Z_SOURCE1, Z_SOURCE2) in the ON (A) ignores the declared aliases and is not the recommended/valid form within the view definition.

The correct ON clause uses the aliases _Source1 and Source2 with the matching key fields:ON _Source1.carrier_id = Source2.carrier_id (D).

This aligns with CDS modeling rules in RAP: use aliases consistently and model associations with precise ON conditions based on keys.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP CDS Development—Associations & ON conditions; RAP Data Modeling.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Let’s evaluate each field:

field1: Defined as REFERENCE TO abap.clnt(3) — this is correct. It follows standard definition for client fields.

field2: Defined as abap.char(1332) — this is incorrect. In ABAP CDS view entities, the maximum length for CHAR fields is limited to 1333 bytes total row size for all fields in a view or table. A single CHAR(1332) is almost the full limit and considered impractical or invalid in real implementations.

field3: Defined as abap.quan(2) — this is correct, representing a quantity field with 2 decimal places.

field4: Defined as abap.unit(2) — this is correct and compatible with the @Semantics.quantity.unitOfMeasure annotation used in field3.

Therefore, field2 is the invalid field due to its excessive length, likely breaching the allowable memory layout in the HANA table or violating SAP CDS limits.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

Tier 1 extensibility in ABAP Cloud corresponds to the safe and upgrade-stable extension layer.

Adding custom fields to released DB tables or CDS views via released extension includes is fully supported.

Using classic user exits (A), manual note corrections (C), or wrappers for unreleased APIs (D) belong to Tier 2 or Tier 3, and are not part of Tier 1 safe extensibility.

This guarantees that custom code in Tier 1 is cloud-ready, upgrade-stable, and based only on released extension points and APIs.

Verified Study Guide Reference: ABAP Cloud Extensibility Model – Three-Tier Extensibility Rules.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

The requirement is:

Retrieve all carriers from T_CARRIER

Include them even if no corresponding connections exist in T_CONNECTIONS.

Evaluation of each join type:

A. INNER JOIN:Only returns rows where a carrier has at least one matching connection.❌ Incorrect, since carriers without connections would be excluded.

B. LEFT OUTER JOIN (correct):Returns all rows from the left table (T_CARRIER), and connections if they exist.Missing connections are represented with NULL.✔ Correct answer.

C. LEFT INNER JOIN:This is syntactically invalid in ABAP SQL. INNER JOIN and LEFT OUTER JOIN are separate join types, not combined.❌ Incorrect.

D. RIGHT OUTER JOIN (correct):Equivalent to LEFT OUTER JOIN when the tables are reversed.Returns all rows from T_CARRIER, whether or not connections exist.✔ Correct answer.

Thus, LEFT OUTER JOIN and RIGHT OUTER JOIN are the valid solutions to retrieve all carriers regardless of connections.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

In ABAP Cloud, string functions that support regular expressions (PCRE) include:

match( ) → returns the first substring matching the regex.

matches( ) → checks if the whole string matches the regex.

find( ) → finds a substring based on regex pattern.

Functions such as reverse( ) and condense( ) do not support regex patterns; they are purely string manipulation utilities.

Verified Study Guide Reference: ABAP Keyword Documentation – String Functions with Regular Expressions.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

The correct way to change the contents of a row in an internal table is by using the MODIFY statement.

MODIFY allows updating the existing entry in an internal table based on its key or position.

If the row exists, the statement replaces the data; if not, it inserts a new row depending on the internal table type and whether a key is specified.

INSERT adds new rows but does not modify.

APPEND adds entries at the end, and UPDATE is for database tables, not internal tables.

This behavior is consistent with the ABAP programming model used in both classical and RAP-based developments when manipulating internal collections or buffering data in memory during behavior pool execution.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

CDS View Entities are the successor of classic DDIC-based CDS views and do not use the CDS-managed DDIC view; therefore @AbapCatalog.sqlViewName (used for classic DDIC-based views) is not required for view entities. This eliminates option B.

RAP and CDS modeling rely on key fields identified by the keyword key in the underlying CDS view to uniquely identify instances; this key is fundamental for BOs and their sources. A view entity without any key elements therefore lacks a primary key and will not pass activation. This supports option A.

Authorization annotations are component annotations; their absence does not by itself block first-time activation of a CDS entity. This rules out option D as the primary cause.

Study-Guide anchors: CDS View Entities (successor of DDIC-based views; no SQL view name), requirement for key elements to define primary keys, and activation behavior for component annotations.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

OData services are the standard way to expose RAP services; service bindings bind a service definition to a protocol such as OData.

Business events are a released RAP capability for integration; RAP BOs can define, raise, and consume business events, with remote consumption via SAP Event Mesh and event bindings.

CDS views define the semantic data models used for exposure and consumption; ADT defines CDS entities for the data model that can be used in applications. Together, CDS (data modeling) + OData (service exposure) + Events (event-driven integration) constitute the released, recommended integration building blocks in ABAP Cloud/RAP. (BAdIs are classic enhancement spots and not positioned as the primary integration frameworks for ABAP Cloud developer extensibility; SOAP is not the recommended channel in the RAP guidance above.)

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Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model (RAP), validations are used to ensure that business rules and constraints are fulfilled, including the uniqueness of semantic keys.

A semantic key represents a natural identifier (e.g., employee number, product ID) and not a technical surrogate key. Validations can be:

Field-level validations – used to validate input for single fields.

Entity-level validations – used to validate logical conditions like uniqueness of a key combination.

The uniqueness check is typically enforced using a custom validation implementation in the behavior pool.

Action (Option A) is used for operations triggered by the user or system but not for enforcing uniqueness.

Determination (Option C) is used for automatically computing or adjusting field values, not for enforcing uniqueness.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

ABAP for Cloud Development emphasizes expression-oriented, typed programming with strong static checks (e.g., constructor/operators, REDUCE, COND, etc.), which is the modern ABAP style used in RAP.

ABAP integrates built-in database access tightly via CDS and Open SQL; CDS entities are the building blocks and govern data access that the runtime executes via the SQL view.

(A) is false (ABAP is statically typed). (B) is false (ABAP keywords are not case-sensitive).

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

A watchpoint halts program execution when the content of a specified variable changes.

Exception breakpoints → Trigger when exceptions are raised.

Conditional breakpoints → Stop only if a Boolean condition is true at that line.

Thus, watchpoint is the correct tool for variable-change monitoring.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP Debugging Guide – Breakpoints and Watchpoints.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

Value helps in CDS are defined using annotations like:

@Consumption.valueHelpDefinition: '_association'

This enriches fields with semantic metadata for Fiori/UIs. Associations provide technical links, but the value help definition itself is given by annotations.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP CDS Guide – Annotations for Value Helps.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In SAP S/4HANA Cloud, public edition, database tables are only extendable if SAP has explicitly enabled extensibility for them via metadata. This is a strict limitation in the ABAP Cloud model to ensure upgrade-stability and isolation of extensions from SAP-owned objects.

Key facts:

The annotation @AbapCatalog.dataMaintenance : #RESTRICTED implies that this table is not editable or extensible by default.

The table resides in a delivered component and unless SAP marks it as extensible, customers cannot add fields like zz_countrycode.

Even if the table is in an ABAP Cloud-compliant software component, extensibility must be explicitly enabled by SAP.

Therefore, Option B is the only correct and valid answer.

Incorrect options:

Option A and D are wrong because extensibility is not determined by the software component type alone.

Option C is wrong because customers cannot enable extensibility for SAP-delivered tables; it must be pre-approved by SAP.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

SAP S/4HANA Cloud Extensibility Framework defines personas for extension activities:

Business Experts → implement extensions with business knowledge (using in-app extensibility).

Citizen Developers → build extensions with low-code/no-code tools.

Report Writer and Workflow Administrator are roles, but not part of extensibility personas.

Verified Study Guide Reference: ABAP Cloud Extensibility Guide – Personas in SAP S/4HANA Cloud.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

CDS view parameters must be defined with types that are visible in the ABAP Dictionary.

A. Built-in ABAP Dictionary type → ✅ Supported (e.g., CURR, CHAR).

D. Data element → ✅ Supported, as data elements are dictionary-level types.

B. Built-in ABAP type (like i, string) → ❌ Not supported directly, CDS requires dictionary-compatible types.

C. Component of a structure → ❌ Not supported directly; parameters cannot reference structure components.

This ensures that CDS definitions remain database-compatible and semantically rich, which is critical for RAP services.

Verified Study Guide Reference: ABAP CDS Development Guide – Defining View Parameters.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

In ABAP Cloud projects, structural changes to persisted artifacts must respect upgrade-safe contracts. Changes that alter the physical layout of a table (removing a column that comes via an included structure, or shortening the length of a column by changing its domain) lead to a database conversion because data type/column layout changes must be reconciled on the DB. While our RAP/CDS guides focus on modeling and service exposure, they emphasize strict, typed modeling and upgrade stability—any structural change that affects persistence is subject to strict checks and lifecycle handling.

By contrast, field labels (texts) do not change the physical table layout and thus don’t require a conversion.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

When performing a JOIN in ABAP SQL or CDS:

The key requirement is to specify the ON condition, which compares fields from the two tables, typically via equality (e.g., ON a.field = b.field). Hence, Option D is correct.

The fields do not need to have the same name (Option C is incorrect).

The position in the table structure is irrelevant (Option A is incorrect).

An alias name is optional, not mandatory (Option B is incorrect).

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation from Exact Extract:

In ABAP, object references must be declared with TYPE REF TO <class>.

Option D is correct: DATA lo_vehicle TYPE REF TO cl_vehicle. creates a reference variable.

Option A → Incorrect, TYPES defines a type, not a variable.

Option B → Syntax error, correct keyword is REF TO, not REF OF.

Option C → Invalid, LIKE REF is not supported in ABAP.

Study Guide Reference: ABAP Objects Programming Guide – Reference Variable Declarations.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

An interface reference (go_if1) can point to any object of a class that implements that interface. Therefore, creating an instance with NEW cl1( … ) and directly assigning it to the interface-typed variable is valid (A).

Type inference with NEW #( … ) cannot infer a class from an interface-typed target (no unique implementing class), so (B) is invalid.

An interface reference exposes only the interface’s methods; it cannot call class-specific methods (so (C) is invalid).

Calling interface method m1 via the interface reference is valid (D).

From the class reference, the interface method can be called (implicitly or explicitly qualified) as go_cl1->if1~m1( … ) (E).

This reflects ABAP OO rules in ABAP Cloud (method visibility via static type, interface implementation, and explicit interface method calls).

Study Guide Reference: ABAP Objects—Interfaces & Class Constructors; ABAP Cloud Back-End Developer—OO fundamentals.