Fortinet FCSS_EFW_AD-7.6 Practice Test Questions Answers

In FortiManager, pre-run CLI templates are used in Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP) and Low-Touch Provisioning (LTP) to configure a FortiGate device before it is fully managed by FortiManager.

These templates apply configurations when a device is initially provisioned. Once the pre-run CLI template is executed, FortiManager automatically unassigns it from the device because it is not meant to persist like other policy configurations. This prevents conflicts and ensures that the FortiGate configuration is not repeatedly applied after the initial setup.

When designing an ADVPN (Auto-Discovery VPN) network for a large enterprise with spokes that have varying numbers of internet links, the main challenge is to minimize the number of peer connections and routes at the hub while maintaining scalability and efficiency.

Using a dynamic routing protocol (such as BGP or OSPF) with loopback interfaces helps in several ways:

● Reduces the number of peer connections at the hub by using a single loopback address per spoke instead of individual physical interfaces.

● Enables simplified route advertisement by dynamically learning and propagating routes instead of manually configuring static routes.

● Supports multiple internet links per spoke efficiently, as dynamic routing can automatically adjust to the best available path.

● Allows seamless failover if a spoke’s internet link fails, ensuring continuous connectivity.

To minimize CPU and RAM usage while still enforcing security features like web filtering and application control, SSL certificate inspection mode is the best choice.

● SSL certificate inspection allows FortiGate to inspect only the SSL/TLS handshake, including the Server Name Indication (SNI) and certificate details, without decrypting the full encrypted payload.

● This enables features like web filtering and application control because FortiGate can determine the destination website or application based on SNI and certificate information.

● It significantly reduces system load compared to full SSL inspection, which requires full decryption and re-encryption of traffic.

The set tcp-mss-sender and set tcp-mss-receiver commands in a firewall policy allow an administrator to adjust the Maximum Segment Size (MSS) of TCP packets.

This setting controls the largest payload size that a device can handle in a single TCP segment, ensuring that packets do not exceed the allowed MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) along the network path.

● set tcp-mss-sender adjusts the MSS value for outgoing TCP traffic.

● set tcp-mss-receiver adjusts the MSS value for incoming TCP traffic.

This helps prevent issues with fragmentation and MTU mismatches, improving network performance and avoiding retransmissions.

The diagnose vpn tunnel list name Hub2Spoke1 command output provides key information about the offloading status of an IPsec VPN tunnel to the Network Processing Unit (NPU).

● npu_flag=20:

● This flag indicates that both inbound and outbound IPsec Security Associations (SAs) have been offloaded to the NPU, meaning the VPN traffic is processed in hardware instead of the CPU.

● npu_rgwy=10.10.2.2 and npu_lgwy=10.10.1.1:

● These IPs represent the remote gateway (rgwy) and local gateway (lgwy), confirming that the tunnel is successfully offloaded.

● npu_selid=1:

● This value means the session selector for the NPU offloaded SA is active.

Since both inbound and outbound SAs are offloaded, the administrator can conclude that the FortiGate NPU is handling IPsec encryption and decryption efficiently, reducing CPU load and improving VPN performance.