H12-711_V4.0 Huawei HCIA-Security V4.0 Exam Free Practice Exam Questions (2026 Updated)

Protocol identification and analysis

Application data reassembly

Signature matching

Attack response

The correct IPS processing order starts with protocol identification and analysis . Before an IPS can judge whether traffic is malicious, it must first determine what protocol is being used and analyze the packet structure according to the expected protocol behavior. This helps the device understand whether the traffic is HTTP, FTP, SMTP, DNS, or another protocol and prepares it for deeper inspection.

After that, the IPS performs application data reassembly . Many attacks are not visible in a single packet, so the IPS must reconstruct fragmented or segmented traffic into complete application data. This allows the device to inspect the real payload content rather than isolated packet pieces.

Once the data is reassembled, the IPS performs signature matching . At this stage, the traffic content and behavior are compared with known attack signatures, protocol anomalies, and detection rules to determine whether the traffic matches a malicious pattern such as injection, buffer overflow, or directory traversal.

Finally, the IPS performs the attack response . Based on the detection result, it may permit, block, reset, alarm, or log the traffic. Therefore, the correct order is D → A → B → C .

The correct answer is D . In Single Sign-On deployment on Huawei firewalls, the firewall commonly acts as the access control enforcement point , while the actual user authentication is performed by an external or third-party authentication server, such as an LDAP, RADIUS, or other identity system. In this process, the user may enter credentials through the firewall’s Portal page, but the firewall forwards the authentication information to the authentication server rather than locally storing and validating the password itself.

Option A is incorrect because SSO is not based on the firewall storing passwords and independently authenticating users. Option B is also incorrect because it describes a model where the firewall merely records identity and does not participate, while in practice the firewall participates in the access control and authentication interaction workflow. Option C describes an SMS-style verification process, which is not the essential mechanism being tested for SSO here.

Therefore, the correct SSO description is that the firewall receives the credentials, forwards them to a third-party authentication server, and the actual authentication is completed on that server.

Explanation From HCIA-Security documents:

All four statements describe standard PKI roles and structure. A PKI entity is any certificate holder or relying participant that uses PKI services, which includes people, organizations, network devices, servers, and even application processes, so A is correct. PKI trust is commonly built using a CA hierarchy, where the root CA anchors trust and subordinate CAs issue certificates under the root’s authority, so B is correct. The CA is the core trusted component that signs (issues) certificates and manages their lifecycle activities such as renewal, suspension or revocation publication, and certificate status services, so C is correct. In many enterprise implementations, the PKI system is presented as three major roles: entities that request/use certificates, the RA that performs identity verification and approval of requests, and the CA that issues certificates based on validated requests, so D is also correct.

Application-layer protocols provide network services directly to user applications and define how clients and servers exchange application data. DNS is an application-layer protocol used to translate domain names into IP addresses (and perform related record lookups), enabling applications to locate services by name instead of by numeric address. Telnet is also an application-layer protocol that provides remote terminal access; it allows a user to interact with a remote system’s command-line interface over the network (though it is insecure because it transmits data in plaintext). HTTP is an application-layer protocol used for web communication, defining request/response behavior between browsers (clients) and web servers for transferring web pages and related content.

In contrast, ARP is not an application-layer protocol. ARP operates at the boundary of Layer 2/Layer 3 to map an IPv4 address to a MAC address on the local network segment, supporting frame delivery on Ethernet. Therefore, the application-layer protocols here are DNS, Telnet, and HTTP.

Explanation From HCIA-Security documents:

TCP is a connection-oriented transport protocol, so it must establish a reliable session before user data can be exchanged. To create the session, TCP uses the three-way handshake: the initiator sends a SYN to request a connection and advertise its initial sequence number, the responder replies with SYN/ACK to acknowledge the request and provide its own initial sequence number, and finally the initiator sends an ACK to confirm receipt. This process confirms bidirectional reachability, synchronizes sequence numbers, and prepares both ends for reliable delivery, retransmission control, and flow control.

To end a TCP connection gracefully, TCP performs an orderly close in both directions (full-duplex). One endpoint sends FIN to indicate it has no more data to send, the peer responds with ACK . When the peer is also ready to stop sending, it transmits its own FIN , and the original endpoint responds with a final ACK . Because each direction is closed independently, termination is typically described as a four-way handshake .