ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Implementer PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer exam Free Practice Exam Questions (2026 Updated)

The application used by an organization has a complicated user interface. What does the complicated user interface represent in this case?

Scenario 1:

HealthGenic is a leading multi-specialty healthcare organization providing patients with comprehensive medical services in Toronto, Canada. The organization relies heavily on a web-based medical software platform to monitor patient health, schedule appointments, generate customized medical reports, securely store patient data, and facilitate seamless communication among various stakeholders, including patients, physicians, and medical laboratory staff.

As the organization expanded its services and demand grew, frequent and prolonged service interruptions became more common, causing significant disruptions to patient care and administrative processes. As such, HealthGenic initiated a comprehensive risk analysis to assess the severity of risks it faced.

When comparing the risk analysis results with its risk criteria to determine whether the risk and its significance were acceptable or tolerable, HealthGenic noticed a critical gap in its capacity planning and infrastructure resilience. Recognizing the urgency of this issue, HealthGenic reached out to the software development company responsible for its platform. Utilizing its expertise in healthcare technology, data management, and compliance regulations, the software development company successfully resolved the service interruptions.

However, HealthGenic also uncovered unauthorized changes to user access controls. Consequently, some medical reports were altered, resulting in incomplete and inaccurate medical records. The company swiftly acknowledged and corrected the unintentional changes to user access controls. When analyzing the root cause of these changes, HealthGenic identified a vulnerability related to the segregation of duties within the IT department, which allowed individuals with system administration access also to manage user access controls. Therefore, HealthGenic decided to prioritize controls related to organizational structure, including segregation of duties, job rotations, job descriptions, and approval processes.

In response to the consequences of the service interruptions, the software development company revamped its infrastructure by adopting a scalable architecture hosted on a cloud platform, enabling dynamic resource allocation based on demand. Rigorous load testing and performance optimization were conducted to identify and address potential bottlenecks, ensuring the system could handle increased user loads seamlessly. Additionally, the company promptly assessed the unauthorized access and data alterations.

To ensure that all employees, including interns, are aware of the importance of data security and the proper handling of patient information, HealthGenic included controls tailored to specifically address employee training, management reviews, and internal audits. Additionally, given the sensitivity of patient data, HealthGenic implemented strict confidentiality measures, including robust authentication methods, such as multi-factor authentication.

In response to the challenges faced by HealthGenic, the organization recognized the vital importance of ensuring a secure cloud computing environment. It initiated a comprehensive self-assessment specifically tailored to evaluate and enhance the security of its cloud infrastructure and practices.

Based on scenario 1, what type of controls did HealthGenic decide to prioritize?

Scenario 1:

HealthGenic is a leading multi-specialty healthcare organization providing patients with comprehensive medical services in Toronto, Canada. The organization relies heavily on a web-based medical software platform to monitor patient health, schedule appointments, generate customized medical reports, securely store patient data, and facilitate seamless communication among various stakeholders, including patients, physicians, and medical laboratory staff.

As the organization expanded its services and demand grew, frequent and prolonged service interruptions became more common, causing significant disruptions to patient care and administrative processes. As such, HealthGenic initiated a comprehensive risk analysis to assess the severity of risks it faced.

When comparing the risk analysis results with its risk criteria to determine whether the risk and its significance were acceptable or tolerable, HealthGenic noticed a critical gap in its capacity planning and infrastructure resilience. Recognizing the urgency of this issue, HealthGenic reached out to the software development company responsible for its platform. Utilizing its expertise in healthcare technology, data management, and compliance regulations, the software development company successfully resolved the service interruptions.

However, HealthGenic also uncovered unauthorized changes to user access controls. Consequently, some medical reports were altered, resulting in incomplete and inaccurate medical records. The company swiftly acknowledged and corrected the unintentional changes to user access controls. When analyzing the root cause of these changes, HealthGenic identified a vulnerability related to the segregation of duties within the IT department, which allowed individuals with system administration access also to manage user access controls. Therefore, HealthGenic decided to prioritize controls related to organizational structure, including segregation of duties, job rotations, job descriptions, and approval processes.

In response to the consequences of the service interruptions, the software development company revamped its infrastructure by adopting a scalable architecture hosted on a cloud platform, enabling dynamic resource allocation based on demand. Rigorous load testing and performance optimization were conducted to identify and address potential bottlenecks, ensuring the system could handle increased user loads seamlessly. Additionally, the company promptly assessed the unauthorized access and data alterations.

To ensure that all employees, including interns, are aware of the importance of data security and the proper handling of patient information, HealthGenic included controls tailored to specifically address employee training, management reviews, and internal audits. Additionally, given the sensitivity of patient data, HealthGenic implemented strict confidentiality measures, including robust authentication methods, such as multi-factor authentication.

In response to the challenges faced by HealthGenic, the organization recognized the vital importance of ensuring a secure cloud computing environment. It initiated a comprehensive self-assessment specifically tailored to evaluate and enhance the security of its cloud infrastructure and practices.

Based on scenario 1, has HealthGenic implemented physical access controls?

Scenario 7: InfoSec is a multinational corporation headquartered in Boston, MA, which provides professional electronics, gaming, and entertainment services. After facing numerous information security incidents, InfoSec has decided to establish teams and implement measures to prevent potential incidents in the future

Emma, Bob. and Anna were hired as the new members of InfoSec's information security team, which consists of a security architecture team, an incident response team (IRT) and a forensics team Emma's job is to create information security plans, policies, protocols, and training to prepare InfoSec to respond to incidents effectively Emma and Bob would be full-time employees of InfoSec, whereas Anna was contracted as an external consultant.

Bob, a network expert, will deploy a screened subnet network architecture This architecture will isolate the demilitarized zone (OMZ) to which hosted public services are attached and InfoSec's publicly accessible resources from their private network Thus, InfoSec will be able to block potential attackers from causing unwanted events inside the company's network. Bob is also responsible for ensuring that a thorough evaluation of the nature of an unexpected event is conducted, including the details on how the event happened and what or whom it might affect.

Anna will create records of the data, reviews, analysis, and reports in order to keep evidence for the purpose of disciplinary and legal action, and use them to prevent future incidents. To do the work accordingly, she should be aware of the company's information security incident management policy beforehand

Among others, this policy specifies the type of records to be created, the place where they should be kept, and the format and content that specific record types should have.

Based on this scenario, answer the following question:

Based on his tasks, which team is Bob part of?

Scenario 6: Skyver manufactures electronic products, such as gaming consoles, flat-screen TVs, computers, and printers. In order to ensure information security, the company has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.

Colin, the company's information security manager, decided to conduct a training and awareness session for the company's staff about the information security risks and the controls implemented to mitigate them. The session covered various topics, including Skyver's information security approaches, techniques for mitigating phishing and malware, and a dedicated segment on securing cloud infrastructure and services. This particular segment explored the shared responsibility model and concepts such as identity and access management in the cloud. Colin organized the training and awareness sessions through engaging presentations, interactive discussions, and practical demonstrations to ensure that the personnel were well-informed by security principles and practices.

One of the participants in the session was Lisa, who works in the HR Department. Although Colin explained Skyver's information security policies and procedures in an honest and fair manner, she found some of the issues being discussed too technical and did not fully understand the session. Therefore, in many cases, she would request additional help from the trainer and her colleagues. In a supportive manner, Colin suggested Lisa consider attending the session again.

Skyver has been exploring the implementation of AI solutions to help understand customer preferences and provide personalized recommendations for electronic products. The aim was to utilize AI technologies to enhance problem-solving capabilities and provide suggestions to customers. This strategic initiative aligned with Skyver’s commitment to improving the customer experience through data-driven insights.

Additionally, Skyver looked for a flexible cloud infrastructure that allows the company to host certain services on internal and secure infrastructure and other services on external and scalable platforms that can be accessed from anywhere. This setup would enable various deployment options and enhance information security, crucial for Skyver's electronic product development.

According to Skyver, implementing additional controls in the ISMS implementation plan has been successfully executed, and the company was ready to transition into operational mode. Skyver assigned Colin the responsibility of determining the materiality of this change within the company.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

As part of its strategic initiative to improve customer experiences, Skyver is exploring the implementation of advanced AI solutions. Which type of AI is the company likely considering for this purpose?

Question:

Which of the following statements best represents The Open Security Architecture (OSA) framework?

Which service category provided by the incident response teams supports organ national functions such as training and auditing?

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the methodology for managing the implementation of an ISMS?

What is the primary requirement for the documented information of an ISMS?

Scenario 7: InfoSec, based in Boston, MA, is a multinational corporation offering professional electronics, gaming, and entertainment products. Following several information security incidents, InfoSec has decided to establish teams of experts and implement measures to prevent potential incidents in the future.

Emma, Bob, and Anna were hired as the new members of InfoSec's information security team, which consists of a security architecture team, an incident response team (IRT), and a forensics team. Emma’s job is to create information security plans, policies, protocols, and training to prepare InfoSec to respond to incidents effectively. Emma and Bob would be full-time employees of InfoSec, whereas Anna was contracted as an external consultant.

Bob, a network expert, will implement a screened subnet network architecture. This architecture will isolate the demilitarized zone (DMZ), to which hosted public services are attached, and InfoSec's publicly accessible resources from their private network. Thus, InfoSec will be able to block potential attackers from causing unwanted events inside the company's network. Bob is also responsible for ensuring a thorough evaluation of the nature of an unexpected event, including how the event happened and what or whom it might affect.

On the other hand, Anna will create records of the data, reviews, analyses, and reports to keep evidence for disciplinary and legal action and use them to prevent future incidents. To do the work accordingly, she should be aware of the company's information security incident management policy beforehand. Among others, this policy specifies the type of records to be created, the place where they should be kept, and the format and content that specific record types should have.

As part of InfoSec's initiative to strengthen information security measures, Anna will conduct information security risk assessments only when significant changes are proposed and will document the results of these risk assessments. Upon completion of the risk assessment process, Anna is responsible for developing and implementing a plan for treating information security risks and documenting the risk treatment results.

Furthermore, while implementing the communication plan for information security, InfoSec’s top management was responsible for creating a roadmap for new product development. This approach helps the company to align its security measures with the product development efforts, demonstrating a commitment to integrating security into every aspect of its business operations.

InfoSec uses a cloud service model that includes cloud-based apps accessed through the web or an application programming interface (API). All cloud services are provided by the cloud service provider, while data is managed by InfoSec. This introduces unique security considerations and becomes a primary focus for the information security team to ensure data and systems are protected in this environment.

Based on this scenario, answer the following question:

Does InfoSec comply with ISO/IEC 27001 requirements regarding the information security risk treatment plan?

Nimbus Route, a cloud-native logistics optimization company based in the Netherlands, offers Al-driven route planning fleet management tools, and real time shipment tracking solutions to clients across Europe and North America. To safeguard sensitive logistics data and ensure resilience across its cloud services. Nimbus Route has implemented an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/lEC 27001. The company is also integrating intelligent transport systems and predictive analytics to increase operational efficiency and sustainability. As part of the ISMS implementation process, the company is determining the competence levels required to manage its ISMS. It has considered various factors when defining these competence requirements, including technological advancements, regulatory requirements, the company's mission. strategic objectives, available resources. as well as the needs and expectations of its customers. Furthermore, the company has established clear guidelines for internal and external communication related to the ISMS, defining what information to share, when to share it. with whom, and through which channels. However, not all communications have been formally documented: instead, the company classified and managed communication based on its needs. ensuring that documentation is maintained only to the extent necessary for the ISMS's effectiveness To support its expanding digital services and ensure operational scalability. Nimbus Route utilizes virtualized computing resources provided by an external cloud service provider. This setup allows the company to configure and manage its operating systems, deploy applications. and control storage environments as needed while relying on the provider to maintain the underlying cloud environment. To further enhance is predictive capabilities. Nimbus Route is adopting machine learning techniques across several of its core services Specifically, it uses machine learning for route optimization and delivery time estimation, leveraging algorithms such as logistic regression and support vector machines to identify patterns in historical transportation data. As Nimbus Route's ISMS matures, the company has chosen a chased approach to its transition into full operational mode Rather than waiting for a formal launch, individual elements of the ISMS, such as risk treatment procedures, access controls, and audit logging, are being activated progressively as soon as they are developed and approved Based on the scenario above answer the following question.

According to scenario 6, is Nimbus Route's method of implementing ISMS components consistent with recommended ISMS deployment practices?

Question:

Which of the following would be an acceptable justification for excluding the Annex A 6.1 Screening control?

Scenario 3: Socket Inc. is a dynamic telecommunications company specializing in wireless products and services, committed to delivering high-quality and secure communication solutions. Socket Inc. leverages innovative technology, including the MongoDB database, renowned for its high availability, scalability, and flexibility, to provide reliable, accessible, efficient, and well-organized services to its customers. Recently, the company faced a security breach where external hackers exploited the default settings of its MongoDB database due to an oversight in the configuration settings, which had not been properly addressed. Fortunately, diligent data backups and centralized logging through a server ensured no loss of information. In response to this incident, Socket Inc. undertook a thorough evaluation of its security measures. The company recognized the urgent need to improve its information security and decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.

To improve its data security and protect its resources, Socket Inc. implemented entry controls and secure access points. These measures were designed to prevent unauthorized access to critical areas housing sensitive data and essential assets. In compliance with relevant laws, regulations, and ethical standards, Socket Inc. implemented pre-employment background checks tailored to business needs, information classification, and associated risks. A formalized disciplinary procedure was also established to address policy violations. Additionally, security measures were implemented for personnel working remotely to safeguard information accessed, processed, or stored outside the organization's premises.

Socket Inc. safeguarded its information processing facilities against power failures and other disruptions. Unauthorized access to critical records from external sources led to the implementation of data flow control services to prevent unauthorized access between departments and external networks. In addition, Socket Inc. used data masking based on the organization’s topic-level general policy on access control and other related topic-level general policies and business requirements, considering applicable legislation. It also updated and documented all operating procedures for information processing facilities and ensured that they were accessible to top management exclusively.

The company also implemented a control to define and implement rules for the effective use of cryptography, including cryptographic key management, to protect the database from unauthorized access. The implementation was based on all relevant agreements, legislation, regulations, and the information classification scheme. Network segregation using VPNs was proposed to improve security and reduce administrative efforts.

Regarding the design and description of its security controls, Socket Inc. has categorized them into groups, consolidating all controls within a single document. Lastly, Socket Inc. implemented a new system to maintain, collect, and analyze information about information security threats and integrate information security into project management.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

Which of the following controls did Socket Inc. implement by conducting pre-employment background checks? Refer to scenario 3.

What does the organization still need to manage when using Platform as a Service (PaaS)?

Scenario 5: OperazelT is a software development company that develops applications for various companies worldwide. Recently, the company conducted a risk assessment in response to the evolving digital landscape and emerging information security challenges. Through rigorous testing techniques like penetration testing and code review, the company identified issues in its IT systems, including improper user permissions, misconfigured security settings, and insecure network configurations. To resolve these issues and enhance information security, OperazelT implemented an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.

In a collaborative effort involving the implementation team, OperazelT thoroughly assessed its business requirements and internal and external environment, identified its key processes and activities, and identified and analyzed the interested parties to establish the preliminary scope of the ISMS. Following this, the implementation team conducted a comprehensive review of the company's functional units, opting to include most of the company departments within the ISMS scope. Additionally, the team decided to include internal and external physical locations, both external and internal issues referred to in clause 4.1, the requirements in clause 4.2, and the interfaces and dependencies between activities performed by the company. The IT manager had a pivotal role in approving the final scope, reflecting OperazelT’s commitment to information security.

OperazelT's information security team created a comprehensive information security policy that aligned with the company's strategic direction and legal requirements, informed by risk assessment findings and business strategies. This policy, alongside specific policies detailing security issues and assigning roles and responsibilities, was communicated internally and shared with external parties. The drafting, review, and approval of these policies involved active participation from top management, ensuring a robust framework for safeguarding information across all interested parties.

As OperazelT moved forward, the company entered the policy implementation phase, with a detailed plan encompassing security definition, role assignments, and training sessions. Lastly, the policy monitoring and maintenance phase was conducted, where monitoring mechanisms were established to ensure the company's information security policy is enforced and all employees comply with its requirements.

To further strengthen its information security framework, OperazelT initiated a comprehensive gap analysis as part of the ISMS implementation process. Rather than relying solely on internal assessments, OperazelT decided to involve the services of external consultants to assess the state of its ISMS. The company collaborated with external consultants, which brought a fresh perspective and valuable insights to the gap analysis process, enabling OperazelT to identify vulnerabilities and areas for improvement with a higher degree of objectivity. Lastly, OperazelT created a committee whose mission includes ensuring the proper operation of the ISMS, overseeing the company's risk assessment process, managing information security-related issues, recommending solutions to nonconformities, and monitoring the implementation of corrections and corrective actions.

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:

Did OperazelT include all the necessary factors when determining its scope?

Scenario 2: NyvMarketing is a marketing firm that provides different services to clients across various industries. With expertise in digital marketing. branding, and market research, NyvMarketing has built a solid

reputation for delivering innovative and impactful marketing campaigns. With the growing Significance Of data Security and information protection within the marketing landscape, the company decided to

implement an ISMS based on 27001.

While implementing its ISMS NyvMarketing encountered a significant challenge; the threat of insufficient resources, This challenge posed a risk to effectively executing its ISMS objectives and could potentially

undermine the company'S efforts to safeguard Sensitive information. TO address this threat, NyvMarketing adopted a proactive approach by appointing Michael to manage the risks related to resource Constraints.

Michael was pivotal in identifying and addressing resource gaps. strategizing risk mitigation. and allocating resources effectively for ISMS implementation at NyvMarket•ng, strengthening the company's resilience

against resource challenges.

Furthermore, NyvMarketing prioritized industry standards and best practices in information security, diligently following ISOfIEC 27002 guidelines. This commitment, driven by excellence and ISO/IEC 27001

requirements, underscored NyvMafketinq•s dedication to upholding the h•ghest Standards Of information security governance.

While working on the ISMS implementation, NyvMarketing opted to exclude one Of the requirements related to competence (as stipulated in ISO/IEC 27001, Clause 7.2). The company believed that its existing

workforce possessed the necessary competence to fulfill ISMS•telated tasks_ However, it did not provide a valid justification for this omission. Moreover. when specific controls from Annex A Of ISO/IEC 27001

were not implemented. NyvMarketing neglected to provide an acceptable justification for these exclusions.

During the ISMS implementation, NFMarketing thoroughly assessed vulnerabilities that could affect its information Security These vulnerabilities included insufficient maintenance and faulty installation Of

storage media, insufficient periodic replacement schemes for equipment, Inadequate software testing. and unprotected communication lines. Recognizing that these vulnerabilities could pose risks to its data

security. NBMarketing took steps to address these specific weaknesses by implementing the necessary controls and countermeasures-

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question.

In the scenario 2. NyvMarketing faced the threat of insufficient resources during the ISMS implementation. In which of the following categories does this threat fall?

According to scenario 2, what is Michael’s role at NyvMarketing?

NeuroTrustMed is a leading medical technology company based in Seoul, South Korea. The company specializes in developing AI-assisted neuroimaging solutions used in early diagnosis and treatment planning for neurological disorders. As a data-intensive company handling sensitive patient health records and medical research data, NeuroTrustMed places a strong emphasis on cybersecurity and regulatory compliance. The company has maintained an ISO/IEC 27001-certified ISMS for the past three years. It continuously reviews and improves its ISMS to address emerging threats, support innovation in medical diagnostics, and maintain stakeholder trust. As part of its commitment to continual improvement, NeuroTrustMed actively tracks potential nonconformities, performs root-cause analyses, implements corrective and preventive actions, and ensures all changes are documented and aligned with the company’s strategic objectives. When a new data protection regulation came into effect affecting cross-regional data handling, the information security team conducted a gap assessment between current policies and the new regulation. Then, it updated relevant documentation and processes to meet compliance. Following these revisions, NeuroTrustMed updated the ISMS documentation and added a new entry in the improvement register. The register, maintained in the form of a structured spreadsheet, included a unique change number, a description of the update, and a high-priority classification due to legal compliance, the dates of initiation and completion, and the sign-off by the information security manager. Around the same period, during a scheduled management review, the information security team also identified a pattern of onboarding errors. While these had not resulted in any data breaches, they posed a risk of unauthorized access. In response, the onboarding procedure was revised and an automated verification step was added to ensure accuracy before access is granted. To understand the underlying cause, the team collected data on the provisioning process. They analyzed process logs, interviewed onboarding staff, and traced access errors back to a misconfigured step in the HR-to-IT handover workflow. The team validated this finding through test cases before implementing any changes. Once confirmed, the information security team documented the nonconformity in the ISMS log. The documentation included a description of the issue, impacted systems, affected users, and a brief risk assessment of potential consequences related to access management. Based on the scenario above, answer the following question.

Which type of action was taken by NeuroTrustMed regarding the identified pattern in user onboarding errors? Refer to scenario 9.

Scenario 2: NyvMarketing is a marketing firm that provides different services to clients across various industries. With expertise in digital marketing. branding, and market research, NyvMarketing has built a solid

reputation for delivering innovative and impactful marketing campaigns. With the growing Significance Of data Security and information protection within the marketing landscape, the company decided to

implement an ISMS based on 27001.

While implementing its ISMS NyvMarketing encountered a significant challenge; the threat of insufficient resources, This challenge posed a risk to effectively executing its ISMS objectives and could potentially

undermine the company'S efforts to safeguard Sensitive information. TO address this threat, NyvMarketing adopted a proactive approach by appointing Michael to manage the risks related to resource Constraints.

Michael was pivotal in identifying and addressing resource gaps. strategizing risk mitigation. and allocating resources effectively for ISMS implementation at NyvMarket•ng, strengthening the company's resilience

against resource challenges.

Furthermore, NyvMarketing prioritized industry standards and best practices in information security, diligently following ISOfIEC 27002 guidelines. This commitment, driven by excellence and ISO/IEC 27001

requirements, underscored NyvMafketinq•s dedication to upholding the h•ghest Standards Of information security governance.

While working on the ISMS implementation, NyvMarketing opted to exclude one Of the requirements related to competence (as stipulated in ISO/IEC 27001, Clause 7.2). The company believed that its existing

workforce possessed the necessary competence to fulfill ISMS•telated tasks_ However, it did not provide a valid justification for this omission. Moreover. when specific controls from Annex A Of ISO/IEC 27001

were not implemented. NyvMarketing neglected to provide an acceptable justification for these exclusions.

During the ISMS implementation, NFMarketing thoroughly assessed vulnerabilities that could affect its information Security These vulnerabilities included insufficient maintenance and faulty installation Of

storage media, insufficient periodic replacement schemes for equipment, Inadequate software testing. and unprotected communication lines. Recognizing that these vulnerabilities could pose risks to its data

security. NBMarketing took steps to address these specific weaknesses by implementing the necessary controls and countermeasures-

Based on the scenario above, answer the following question.

In the scenario 2. NyvMarketing faced the threat of insufficient resources during the ISMS implementation. In which of the following categories does this threat fall?

According to scenario 2, did NyvMarketing take actions that comply with ISO/IEC 27001 regarding the implementation of Annex A controls?

Scenario 9: OpenTech provides IT and communications services. It helps data communication enterprises and network operators become multi-service providers During an internal audit, its internal auditor, Tim, has identified nonconformities related to the monitoring procedures He identified and evaluated several system Invulnerabilities.

Tim found out that user IDs for systems and services that process sensitive information have been reused and the access control policy has not been followed After analyzing the root causes of this nonconformity, the ISMS project manager developed a list of possible actions to resolve the nonconformity. Then, the ISMS project manager analyzed the list and selected the activities that would allow the elimination of the root cause and the prevention of a similar situation in the future. These activities were included in an action plan The action plan, approved by the top management, was written as follows:

A new version of the access control policy will be established and new restrictions will be created to ensure that network access is effectively managed and monitored by the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Department

The approved action plan was implemented and all actions described in the plan were documented.

Based on scenario 9, OpenTech has taken all the actions needed, except____________.