WGU Scripting-and-Programming-Foundations Practice Test Questions Answers

A sequence diagram is a type of interaction diagram used in software engineering to model the interactions between objects within a system over time. It shows how objects interact with each other and the order in which those interactions occur. The sequence diagram is organized along two dimensions: horizontally to represent the objects involved, and vertically to represent the time sequence of interactions. This allows the diagram to depict not only the interactions but also the sequence of events as they occur over time12345.

Option B is incorrect because a sequence diagram does indeed specify an order of events. Option C is incorrect as sequence diagrams do not show static elements of software but rather the dynamic interactions. Option D is also incorrect because a sequence diagram does show all interactions along with their order.

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

An integer data type is used for whole numbers without fractional parts. According to foundational programming principles, values that represent counts or discrete quantities typically use integers, while values with decimal points or fractional components use floating-point types.

Option A: "The cost of a dinner including tax and tip." This is incorrect. Costs typically involve decimal values (e.g., $24.99), requiring a floating-point type (e.g., float or double) to handle cents.

Option B:: "An approximation of the number pi to five decimal places." This is incorrect. Pi approximated to five decimal places (e.g., 3.14159) is a decimal number, requiring a floating-point type, not an integer.

Option C: "The weights of every patient involved in a pharmaceutical trial." This is incorrect. Weights (e.g., 70.5 kg) typically include decimal points for precision, requiring a floating-point type.

Option D: "The number of students in a section." This is correct. The number of students is a whole number (e.g., 25), which is represented by an integer data type (e.g., int in C or Python).

Certiport Scripting and Programming Foundations Study Guide (Section on Data Types).

Python Documentation: “Built-in Types” (https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html).

W3Schools: “C Data Types” (https://www.w3schools.com/c/c_data_types.php).

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:

Determining the mathematical operations (e.g., addition, subtraction, multiplication) for a calculator program involves defining what the program should do (requirements) and planning how to achieve it (technical specifications). According to foundational programming principles, this spans the analysis and design phases in the Waterfall methodology.

Waterfall Phases Analysis:

Analysis: The developer identifies the requirements, such as which operations the calculator must support (e.g., “must perform addition, subtraction, etc.”).

Design: The developer specifies how these operations will be implemented (e.g., defining functions like add(), subtract(), or their algorithms).

Implementation: Codes the operations.

Testing: Verifies the operations work correctly.

Option A: "Analysis and design." This is correct. Analysis determines the operations needed (requirements), and design outlines their technical specifications (e.g., function signatures or algorithms).

Option B: "Design and implementation." This is incorrect. Implementation involves coding the operations, not determining which operations are needed.

Option C: "Implementation and testing." This is incorrect. These phases occur after the operations are determined, focusing on coding and verification.

Option D: "Design and testing." This is incorrect. Testing verifies the implemented operations, not their determination.

Certiport Scripting and Programming Foundations Study Guide (Section on Waterfall Phases).

Sommerville, I., Software Engineering, 10th Edition (Chapter 2: Waterfall Model).

Pressman, R.S., Software Engineering: A Practitioner’s Approach, 8th Edition (Waterfall Analysis and Design).

 In programming, a string is used to store sequences of characters, which can include letters, numbers, symbols, and spaces. Strings are typically utilized to store textual data, such as words and sentences12. For example, the word “positive” would be stored as a string. While strings can contain numbers, they are not used to store numbers in their numeric form but rather as text. Therefore, options A, C, and D, which involve numbers or boolean values, would not be stored as strings unless they are meant to be treated as text.

The language described in the question exhibits characteristics of an interpreted, object-oriented, and dynamic language. Here’s why these terms apply:

Interpreted: The program can run on various operating systems without re-compilation, which is a trait of interpreted languages. Interpreted languages are executed line by line by an interpreter at runtime, rather than being compiled into machine code beforehand123.

Object-oriented: The use of concepts like information hiding, data abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism, and inheritance are hallmarks of object-oriented programming (OOP). OOP languages are designed around objects and classes, which allow for modular, reusable, and organized code456.

Dynamic: Variables in the program do not need to have their types declared ahead of time, indicating dynamic typing. In dynamically typed languages, type checking is performed at runtime, and variables can be assigned to different types of data over their lifetime7891011.